贵州省0~7岁儿童百日咳抗体水平及影响因素研究  

Pertussis antibody level and its influencing factors in 0-7-year-old children in Guizhou

作　　者：龙秀娟 张江萍 郭俊利 李秀玲 汪俊华[1] 潘俊龙 LONG Xiu-juan;ZHANG Jiang-ping;GUO Jun-li;LI Xiu-ling;WANG Jun-hua;PAN Jun-long(The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control,Ministry of Education School of Public Health,Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025 [2]云岩区卫生健康局 [3]云岩区疾病预防控制中心 [4]贵州康贝生物科技有限公司

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2022年第5期834-838,869,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解贵州省0~7岁儿童百日咳抗体水平及影响因素,为制定免疫策略和预防百日咳疾病提供依据。方法于2019年6月至2021年5月,以贵州省24483名儿童作为调查对象,采用间接酶联免疫吸附试验检测其血清百日咳抗体浓度。采用SPSS 20.0软件,利用Kruskal-Wallis H秩和检验、卡方检验进行人口学特征组间比较;采用二分类非条件logistic回归进行多因素分析。结果调查对象平均年龄为3.00(0.83,3.92)岁;平均抗体浓度为5.27(1.24,13.04)IU/ml,其中3738名(15.27%)儿童抗体浓度≥20 IU/ml,8829名(36.06%)儿童抗体浓度介于5~19 IU/ml之间,11916名(48.67%)的儿童抗体浓度<5 IU/ml;二分类非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄≥6岁组(OR=1.443,95%CI:1.028~2.025)、免疫史为3剂次组(OR=1.754,95%CI:1.512~2.036)和4剂次组(OR=1.971,95%CI:1.557~2.496)、市州经济水平中上(OR=1.352,95%CI:1.241~1.472)、中下(OR=1.269,95%CI:1.139~1.415)及差(OR=2.979,95%CI:1.701~2.303)会影响抗体阳性率。结论贵州省0~7岁儿童百日咳总体抗体水平和抗体阳性率较低,相关部门要重视适龄儿童百日咳疫苗接种工作,确保其能及时、全程接种百日咳疫苗,使其免受感染。Objective To investigate the level of pertussis antibody and its influencing factors in 0-7-year-old children in Guizhou province.Methods From June 2019 to May 2021,24483 children in Guizhou Province were investigated and their serum pertussis antibody concentration was detected by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(Elisa).Using SPSS 20.0 software,Kruskal-Wallis H rank sum test and chi-square test were used to compare demographic characteristics among groups,and binary unconditional Logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis.Results The average age of the subjects was 3.00(0.83,3.92)year-old,and the average antibody concentration was 5.27(1.24,13.04)IU/ml,including 3738(15.27%)children whose antibody concentration was≥20 IU/ml(antibody concentration had immune protective effect),8829(36.06%)children whose antibody concentration was between 5-19 IU/ml,and 11916(48.67%)children whose antibody concentration<5 IU/ml.The results of binary unconditional Logistic regression analysis showed that the age≥6 years group(OR=1.443,95%CI:1.028-2.025),the immunization history was 3 dose group(OR=1.754,95%CI:1.512-2.036)and 4 dose group(OR=1.971,95%CI:1.557-2.496),the economic level of city and state was above average(OR=1.352,95%CI:1.241-1.472),below average(OR=1.269,95%CI:1.139-1.415)and poor(OR=2.979,95%CI:1.701-2.303)will affect the positive rate of antibody.Conclusion The overall antibody level and antibody positive rate of pertussis in 0-7-year-old children in Guizhou Province are low.The relevant departments should pay attention to pertussis vaccination in school-age children to ensure that pertussis vaccine can be inoculated in time and in the whole process to protect them from infection.

关 键 词：百日咳 抗体水平 适龄儿童 免疫史 疫苗 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学] R516.6[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]