合肥市65岁以上老年人抑郁焦虑症状检出率及影响因素分析  

Analysis of the detection rate and its influencing factors of depression and anxiety disorders in the elderly over 65 years old,Hefei

作　　者：王宏宇[1] 刘勇[1] 闫军伟 徐小童[1] WANG Hong-yu;LIU Yong;YAN Jun-wei;XU Xiao-tong(Heifei Fourth People’s Hospital(Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University,Anhui Mental Health Centre,Anhui Clinical Medical Research Center of Mental and Psychological Diseases),Hefei,Anhui 230033,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥市第四人民医院/安徽省精神卫生中心/安徽省精神心理疾病临床医学研究中心,安徽230022

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2022年第5期903-912,共10页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：安徽省中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(2020b07030004);合肥市卫生健康应用医学研究项目(Hwk2021zd011)。

摘　　要：目的分析抑郁、焦虑症状的检出率及影响因素,为积极应对老年心理健康问题,提升心理健康服务能力提供依据。方法采用分层随机整群抽样的方法抽样,使用电子化结构式调查问卷入户现场调查,调查问卷包括基本信息、病人健康状况问卷抑郁量表和广泛性焦虑量表。抑郁焦虑症状检出率的影响因素分析采用logistic回归分析法,单因素和多因素logistic回归分析分别采用输入法和向前wald法。结果本次研究共调查1382人,抑郁症状检出率为11.00%,焦虑症状检出率为6.95%,抑郁症状和焦虑症状同时检出率为5.72%。logistic回归分析结果发现对和子女的关系满意度(比较满意vs.一般满意:OR=0.193,95%CI:0.077~0.482;非常满意vs.一般满意:OR=0.091,95%CI:0.032~0.264)、患有心脏病(OR=3.715,95%CI:1.557~8.863)、患有糖尿病(OR=3.095,95%CI:1.237~7.744)和看电视(OR=0.336,95%CI:0.146~0.772)等因素影响抑郁症状检出率,焦虑症状检出率受到对和子女关系满意度(比较满意vs.一般满意:OR=0.719,95%CI:0.218~2.372;非常满意vs.一般满意:OR=0.023,95%CI:0.023~0.693)和看电视(OR=0.269,95%CI:0.079~0.910)等因素影响。结论合肥市65岁以上老年人群抑郁、焦虑等心理健康问题值得引起人们重视,拥有较高的对和子女关系的满意度以及看电视是老年人抑郁、焦虑症状检出率的保护性因素,患有心脏病、糖尿病等慢性疾病患者的焦虑抑郁问题值得我们给予更多的关注。Objective To analyze the detection rate of depression and anxiety symptoms and its influencing factors,and to provide a basis for actively responding to the mental health problems of the elderly and improving the mental health service capacity.Methods A stratified random cluster sampling method was used for sampling,and an electronic structured questionnaire was used to enter households for on-site survey,which included basic information,patient health status questionnaire depression scale and generalized anxiety scale.Factors influencing the detection rate of depressive and anxiety symptoms were analyzed using logistic regression analysis,with single and multi-factor logistic regression analyses using the enter method and the forward wald method respectively.Results A total of 1382 people were surveyed in this study,and the detection rate of depressive symptoms was 11.00%,anxiety symptoms was 6.95%,and the detection rate of both depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms was 5.72%.Logistic regression analysis revealed that satisfaction with the relationship with children(more satisfied vs.generally satisfied:OR=0.193,95%CI:0.077-0.482;very satisfied vs.generally satisfied:OR=0.091,95%CI:0.032-0.264),having heart disease(OR=3.715,95%CI:1.557-8.863),having diabetes(OR=3.095,95%CI:1.237-7.744),and watching TV(OR=0.336,95%CI:0.146-0.772)affected the detection rate of depressive symptoms,and the detection rate of anxiety symptoms was influenced by the satisfaction with the relationship with children(more satisfied vs.generally satisfied:OR=0.719,95%CI:0.218-2.372;very satisfied vs.generally satisfied:OR=0.023,95%CI:0.023-0.693),and watching TV(OR=0.269,95%CI:0.079-0.910).Conclusion Mental health problems such as depression and anxiety in elderly people over 65 years of age in Hefei are worthy of attention.Having higher satisfaction with the relationship with children and watching TV are protective factors for the detection rate of depression and anxiety symptoms in elderly people,and anxiety and depression in patients

关 键 词：老年人 焦虑 抑郁 

分 类 号：R161.7[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] R749