不同含量配比制备聚氨酯泡沫及其性能研究  

Preparation and properties of polyurethane foams with different contents of polyether polyol

作　　者：张书诚 唐文斌 于天娇 徐珍珍[1] 邢剑 ZHANG Shucheng;TANG Wenbin;YU Tianjiao;XU Zhenzhen;XING Jian(Anhui International Cooperation Research Center for textile structural composites,Anhui Polytechnic University,Wuhu 241000,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽工程大学,安徽省纺织结构复合材料国际合作研究中心,安徽芜湖241000

出　　处：《中国塑料》2022年第3期104-109,共6页China Plastics

基　　金：安徽高校自然科学研究项目(KJ2019A0154);安徽省自然科学基金(1908085QE181)。

摘　　要：采用一步法以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和聚醚多元醇为原料,选用A~D 4种配比制备了聚氨酯泡沫材料,通过红外光谱仪、扫描电子显微镜、差示扫描量热仪、热重分析仪和噪声振动测试系统等对聚氨酯泡沫的泡孔结构、热稳定性及吸音隔音性能进行了测试。结果表明,聚醚多元醇的用量对聚氨酯泡沫成分未造成差异,聚氨酯泡沫中出现闭孔、半闭孔、开孔并存现象;C配方制备的聚氨酯泡沫材料综合性能最佳,其表观密度、吸湿率、吸声系数和传递损失均达到最高,分别为407.6 kg/m^(3)、167.1%、0.6和25 dB;C配方制备聚氨酯泡沫的热稳定性和吸音性能较好,但隔音性能欠佳。Polyurethane foams were prepared through a one-step method at four different ratios of isophorone diisocyanate to polyether polyol.The morphology,apparent density,moisture absorption rate,sound absorption,and sound insulation properties of the resulting polyurethane foams were investigated using infrared spectrum,DSC,TG,and noise-measuring instrument.The results indicated that there was no difference in the foam composition caused by the addition amount of polyether polyols.The coexistence of closed cell,semi closed cell and open hole was found from the polyurethane foams.The polyurethane foam obtained from the formula C exhibited an apparent density of 407.6 kg/m^(3),a moisture absorption of 167.1%,a sound absorption coefficient of 0.6,and a transmission loss of 25 dB.There data were maximum among all the formulations.Moreover,the glass transition temperature increased,and the thermal stability resulting from the formula C were also optimal.As a result,the formula C led to good sound absorption performance and poor sound insulation performance for the polyurethane foams.

关 键 词：聚氨酯泡沫 聚醚多元醇 表观密度 热稳定性 吸音隔音性能 

分 类 号：TQ328.3[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]