生物有机肥底施对设施黄瓜促生抑病的效果  

Growth-Promoting and Disease-Inhibiting Effects of Biological Organic Fertilizer on Facility Cucumber

作　　者：刘阳 钟增明 孙漫红[3] 段普舜 陈梓康 赵淑婷 于英娇 王琪 胡海奇 秦立金 LIU Yang;ZHONG Zengming;SUN Manhong;DUAN Pushun;CHEN Zikang;ZHAO Shuting;YU Yingjiao;WANG Qi;HU Haiqi;QIN Lijin(Institute of Chemistry and Life Sciences,Chifeng University,Chifeng,Inner Mongolia 024000,China;Beijing Qigao Biologics Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100193,China;Instituteof Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Chifeng University,Chifeng,Inner Mongolia 024000,China)

机构地区：[1]赤峰学院化学与生命科学学院,内蒙古赤峰024000 [2]北京启高生物科技有限公司,北京100193 [3]中国农业科学研究院植物保护研究所,北京100193 [4]赤峰学院农业科学研究院,内蒙古赤峰024000

出　　处：《农业研究与应用》2021年第6期63-70,共8页Agricultural Research and Application

基　　金：2020年内蒙古自治区自然科学基金(2020MS03073);赤峰学院一流学科建设项目(CFXYYLXKB202102);赤峰学院2021年度大学生创新创业训练计划项目(2021101038001);赤峰学院博士启动项目“设施番茄根结线虫病的发生和土壤微生物多样性关系的研究”;内蒙古自治区科技重大专项项目(zdzx2018009);赤峰学院服务赤峰市经济社会发展应用项目(cfxyfc201845)。

摘　　要：为了了解不同生物有机肥底施处理对设施黄瓜生长、品质、产量以及抑病效果的影响,本试验采用黄瓜田间种植的方法,设计不同浓度生物有机肥底施处理,通过测定黄瓜田间生长、品质和产量等指标,以及植株叶片霜霉病发病和100 g土壤中根结线虫的数量,筛选最佳生物有机肥底施浓度。结果表明:不同浓度生物有机肥能够促进黄瓜田间生长,提升品质,增加产量,其中,360 kg/667m^(2)处理的最大叶面积、可溶性糖含量比CK增加了8.26%和5.79%,与CK达到了极显著差异(P<0.01);生物有机肥底施处理降低了黄瓜植株叶片霜霉病的发病率以及100 g土壤中根结线虫数量,与CK达到了显著差异(P<0.05),其中,360 kg/667 m^(2)处理的黄瓜植株叶片霜霉病发病率比CK降低了50.01%;360 kg/667 m^(2)和480 kg/667 m^(2)处理的100 g土壤中根结线虫数量与CK达到了显著差异(P<0.05),与CK相比,根结线虫减退率可达54.12%和57.21%。因此,适宜用量的生物有机肥底施处理对设施黄瓜生产能够起到促生抑病的效果,可以用于赤峰地区设施黄瓜的生产种植中。Conducted an experiment to study the effects of base application of different concentrations of bio-organic fertilizer on the growth,quality,yield and disease suppression of facility cucumber.Planted cucumber in field,and designed base application treatments of bio-organic fertilizer with different concentrations.Measured the growth,yield,quality,downy mildew incidence of cucumber and root-knot nematodes in 100 g soil to screen the best concentration of bio-organic fertilizer.The results showed that different concentrations of bio-organic fertilizers could improve the growth,quality and yield of cucumber.In the treatment with 360 kg/667 m^(2) bio-organic fertilizer,the maximum leaf area and soluble sugar content were 8.26%and 5.79%higher than CK,showing very significant difference with CK(P<0.01).Bottom application of bio-organic fertilizer could reduce the incidence of downy mildew on cucumber leaves and the number of root knot nematodes in 100g soil,showing significant difference with CK(P<0.05).In the treatment with 360 kg/667 m^(2) bio-organic fertilizer,the downy mildew incidence was 50.01%lower than that of CK.In the treatment with 360 kg/667 m^(2) and 480 kg/667 m^(2) bio-organic fertilizer,the root-knot nematode decreased by 54.12%and 57.21%,respectively,showing significant difference with CK(P<0.05).Therefore,base application with appropriate amount of bio-organic fertilizer can promote the growth and inhibit the disease of facility cucumber.The technology can be used in facility cucumber production in Chifeng area.

关 键 词：生物有机肥 黄瓜 生长 病情指数 根结线虫数量 

分 类 号：S436.421.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]