不同氮钾水平对菜豆叶际细菌群落组成的影响  

Phyllosphere Bacterial Community Composition on Phaseolus vulgaris Linn.Under Different Nitrogen and Potassium Levels

作　　者：丁露 崔立星 牛营超 戴小华[1,2] 郭青云 DING Lu;CUI Lixing;NIU Yingchao;DAI Xiaohua;GUO Qingyun(School of Life Sciences,Gannan Normal University,Ganzhou,Jiangxi 341000;National Navel-orange Engineering Research Center,Ganzhou,Jiangxi 341000)

机构地区：[1]赣南师范大学生命科学学院,江西赣州341000 [2]国家脐橙工程技术研究中心,江西赣州341000

出　　处：《北方园艺》2022年第4期76-84,共9页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41971059,32160314);赣州市创新领军人才计划资助项目(赣市科发[2020]60号)。

摘　　要：以菜豆为试材,采用基于16S rRNA基因高通量测序技术,通过OTU数量、多样性指数、鉴定类群等方法,研究了不同氮钾施用水平下室内沙培菜豆叶际细菌群落组成和多样性,以期为作物精准施肥和植物-微生物关系研究提供参考依据。结果表明:高氮、缺氮和高钾都明显降低了菜豆叶际细菌OTU数量,而缺钾则提高了菜豆叶际细菌OTU数量。Alpha多样性分析表明正常施氮和缺钾水平下菜豆叶际细菌群落丰富度和多样性最高,氮素过高或缺乏、钾肥过高会导致细菌群落丰富度和多样性下降。物种注释分析显示菜豆叶际细菌以变形菌门、厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门和放线菌门为优势门。氮、钾施用过量和缺乏会导致菜豆叶际大肠杆菌属和拟杆菌属细菌过度繁殖,干扰和抑制伯克氏菌属和芽孢杆菌纲等有益菌群生长,影响植物自身固氮能力和抗病能力,减缓作物生长发育速度。Taking Phaseolus vulgaris Linn.as test material,the bacterial OTUs,diversity index and species identification on leaf surfaces of Phaseolus vulgaris Linn.were investigated in greenhouse under different nitrogen and potassium application using high-throughput sequencing method based on 16 S rRNA hypervariable region V3-V4,in order to provide a reference for the study on precision fertilization and plant-microorganism relationship.The results showed that the bacterial OTUs number on Phaseolus vulgaris Linn.phyllosphere significantly decreased under high and deficiency nitrogen,high potassium,while the OTUs number increased under potassium deficiency.Alpha diversity analysis showed that the richness and diversity of bacterial community obviously increased under normal nitrogen and potassium deficiency,and significantly decreased under excessive nitrogen and potassium fertilization,or nitrogen deficiency.The phyllosphere bacterial community showed the dominant phyla were Proteobacteria,Firmicutes,Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria.Excessive and lack of nitrogen and potassium could lead to the overgrowth of Escherichia coli and Bacteroides,and interfere or inhibit the growth Burkholderia and Bacillus,which could affect the ability of nitrogen fixation and disease resistance of plants,and then slowing down the growth and yield of crops.

关 键 词：菜豆 氮钾施肥 叶际细菌多样性 高通量测序 

分 类 号：S643.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]