纽约区划用途管制的建筑占用执照制度引介  

The Introduction of Certificate of Occupancy for Buildings in New York Zoning

作　　者：周剑云[1] 黎淑翎 庞晓媚 Zhou Jianyun;Li Shuling;Pang Xiaomei

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学建筑学院、亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室 [2]海南大学林学院 [3]广东省科学院广州地理研究所 [4]华南理工大学建筑学院 [5]英国卡迪夫大学

出　　处：《国际城市规划》2022年第1期99-106,共8页Urban Planning International

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51508196);国家自然科学基金面上项目(51978273);国家自然科学基金项目(51908222);中央高校基本科研业务费社科类项目(博士启动专项)(2018 BSXM12)。

摘　　要：建筑用途管制是土地用途管制的延伸。在时间维度,建筑用途管制将土地用途管制从项目开发阶段延伸到项目建成后的常态使用时期,包括建筑使用功能的调整;在空间维度,建筑用途管制将土地用途管制的空间单元从区块或地块延伸到建筑的每一块楼板或楼板的部分,也就是使用行为场所的最小空间单元。纽约1916区划决议案为实施区划用途管制而设立"占用执照",迄今为止100多年的成功实践经验值得学习借鉴。比较而言,我国尚缺少土地用途管制与建筑用途管制的关联性研究,也没有前瞻性的制度设计。为此,本文重点引介纽约区划实施的"占用执照"制度,主要包括:占用执照的内容与形式、土地用途管制与建筑用途管制的联系及衔接、部门联动的协调实施机制、信息公开与公众监督的方式等,试图为我国建筑用途管制制度构建提供参考性范例。Building use control is the extension of land use control. For the time dimension,building use control extends land use control from development stage to daily use after completion. For the spatial dimension, building use control extends the spatial unit of land use control from a tract or a lot to a floor area or a part of a floor area within a building, which is the spatial unit of usage and activity. The Certificate of Occupancy in 1916 New York City Building Zone Resolution intended to control use through zoning. This successful practice over the last 100 years is worth studying. However, China lacks the in-depth studies of the correlation between land use control and building use control, and the forward-looking proposals for the institution of building use control. Therefore, this paper introduces the institution of New York’s Certificate of Occupancy, including its content and form, the correlation and connection between land use control and building use control, the coordination and interdepartmental implication mechanism, the methods of information disclosure and public monitoring. It intents to offer a demonstration for establishing the institution of building use control in China.

关 键 词：土地用途管制 建筑用途管制 区划 占用执照 规划实施 规划管理 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]