金翅雀对城市噪音的非预期鸣唱响应模式  

Unexpected Song Response Pattern of Grey-Capped Greenfinches to Urban Noise

作　　者：王爱真 吴君 王稳 魏青 WANG Aizhen;WU Jun;WANG Wen;WEI Qing(College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China;State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学生态环境工程学院,西宁810016 [2]青海大学三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室,西宁810016

出　　处：《四川动物》2022年第2期162-167,共6页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区基金项目(31460569)。

摘　　要：城镇化提高了环境噪音水平,一般认为高水平的噪音对城市鸟类鸣声的传播会带来不利影响。城市鸟类可以通过提高最低频率、增加鸣唱长度和缩短鸣唱的起始音素长度等不同的响应模式调节其鸣唱特征以实现鸣唱的有效传播。本研究采用Avisoft SASLab Pro比较了西宁市3个不同噪音水平下,金翅雀Chloris sinica的鸣唱特征(最高频率、最低频率、频宽、主峰频率、鸣唱时间和起始音素时间)的差异,以探索鸟类对梯度噪音水平的响应模式。结果表明,随着噪音水平的升高,鸣唱的最低频率和最高频率呈现出高-低-高的变化模式,鸣唱时间和起始音素时间呈现出短-长-短的变化模式;高、低噪音组内不同地点的鸣唱主峰频率差异显著(P<0.05)。结合鸣唱地点的植被特征,推测金翅雀在提高鸣唱频率避免被噪音掩蔽和降低频率以利于在林间传播之间可能存在一个权衡,鸣唱频率和鸣唱长度可能存在一定的关联,而主峰频率对噪音外的其他环境因子更敏感。Urbanization changes the noise level of bird environment.For birds living in cities,high noise level is supposed to put a negative effect on their songs'transmission.A male bird can modulate its song by increasing the minimum frequency and song duration,and shortening the initial note duration or other means to achieve an effective broadcast.To explore the bird response to gradient urban noise,the present study compared the maximum frequency,minimum frequency,frequency bandwidth,peak frequency,song duration,and initial note duration of the songs of grey-capped greenfinches(Chloris sinica)in Xining City(Qinghai Province)in 3 different noise levels by using Avisoft SASLab Pro.The results showed that along with the increasing noise level,1)the maximum frequency and minimum frequency of the song presented an higher-lower-higher response pattern;2)the song duration and initial note duration showed a dynamic pattern of shorter-longer-shorter;3)the peak frequencies of the songs at different locations with the same noise level differed significantly(P<0.05).In combination with the habitat characters,it is concluded that there may exist a trade-off between high frequency avoiding noise masking and low frequency benefiting broadcasting in forests,and a probable correlation between song frequency and song duration in C.sinica.Moreover,the peak frequency of the song is more sensitive to other environment factors than noise.

关 键 词：金翅雀 鸣唱 城市噪音 

分 类 号：Q959.7[生物学—动物学] Q958.1