47份樱花种质资源的基因分型和遗传多样性分析  

Genotyping and Genetic Diversity Analysis of 47 Flowering Cherry(Cerasus) Germplasms

作　　者：严佳文 李建挥[1] 柏文富[1] 禹霖[1] 聂东伶[1] 熊颖 李柏海[1] 吴思政[1] Yan Jiawen;Li Jianhui;Bai Wenfu;Yu Lin;Nie Dongling;Xiong Ying;Li Bohai;Wu Sizheng(Hunan Forest Botanical Garden,Changsha,410116)

机构地区：[1]湖南省森林植物园,长沙410116

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2022年第3期1026-1036,共11页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家林业和草原局林业科技发展中心项目(KJZXSA2019037);湖南省重点研发计划(2017NK2251)共同资助。

摘　　要：为给优异樱花种质的保存和利用提供理论依据,对47份樱花种质资源进行了RAD简化基因组测序,挖掘高一致性的群体SNP,应用RAxML、ADMIXTURE、GCTA、PopGenome和Arlequin 3.0等生物信息学软件进行了系统进化树构建、基因分型分析、主成分分析和核苷酸多样性分析。经过基因型完整性过滤和紧密连锁位点筛选后,共获得79 667个高一致性群体SNP。系统进化、遗传结构和主成分聚类分析结果基本一致,47份种质资源分为8个类群,各类群的核苷酸多样性(π)和平均期望杂合度(He)分别为Ⅰ:0.128 19,0.119 94;Ⅱ:0.139 64,0.130 55;Ⅲ:0.215 5,0.164 73;Ⅳ:0.086 82,0.061 22;Ⅴ:0.095 49,0.069 73;Ⅵ:0.191 22,0.106 1;Ⅶ:0.168 5,0.158 78;Ⅷ:0.290 98,0.183 43。类群Ⅳ与Ⅴ之间的遗传分化程度最高(FST=0.461 289),其次是类群Ⅳ与Ⅵ(FST=0.456 958),类群Ⅶ与Ⅷ之间的分化程度最低(FST=0.097 613),各类群之间的遗传分化均处于中等及以上水平。基因分型结果显示,单一遗传组分的个体有29个(61.70%),含有2或3种遗传组分的个体有18个(38.30%),潜在的种间自然杂交个体有4个。樱花种质资源的遗传多样性丰富,8个类群之间存在明显的遗传分化。通过基因型分析,明确了种间自然杂交后代和人工杂交品种的遗传组分,初步探讨了亲本来源。In order to provide a theoretical basis for conservation and utilization of excellent flowering cherry germplasm resources, genetic diversity and genotype were analyzed based on single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) molecular markers. A total of 47 flowering cherry germplasms were sequenced using restriction site-associated DNA sequencing(RAD-Seq) method, and highly consistent SNP sites have been identified for genetic diversity and genotyping. The RAxML program was used for phylogenetic tree construction, based on the maximum likelihood(ML) method. The ADMIXTURE software was used to analyze genetic structure. The GCTA software was used for principal component analysis. Genetic diversity parameters, including nucleotide diversity(π value), expected heterozygosity(exp He) and genetic differentiation index(FST), were carried out using the PopGenome and Arlequin3.0 software. A total of 79 667 highly consistent SNPs were obtained, after genotype integrity filtering and closely linked sites screening. According to the phylogenetic tree, principal components and population structure analysis results, the 47 germplasms could be divided into eight genetic clusters. The π and exp He value of each cluster was as follows: Ⅰ: 0.128 19, 0.119 94;Ⅱ: 0.139 64, 0.130 55;Ⅲ: 0.215 5, 0.164 73;Ⅳ: 0.086 82, 0.061 22;Ⅴ:0.095 49, 0.069 73;Ⅵ: 0.191 22, 0.106 1;Ⅷ: 0.168 5, 0.158 78;Ⅷ: 0.290 98, 0.183 43. The cluster Ⅳ and Ⅴpresented the largest genetic differentiation, with an FSTvalue of 0.461 289, followed by Ⅳ and Ⅵ, with an FST value of 0.456 958;the lowest genetic differentiation existed between the cluster Ⅶ and Ⅷ, with an FST value of 0.097 613. The genetic differentiation among all clusters was at or above the medium level. The results of genotyping showed that there were 29 individuals(61.70%) with single genetic components, and 18 individuals(38.30%) with two or three genetic components. Based on the results of genetic components analysis,there were four potential interspecific hybridizations. There

关 键 词：樱花 SNP 遗传多样性 基因分型 

分 类 号：S685.99[农业科学—观赏园艺]