广西白头叶猴和黑叶猴理毛行为的比较研究  

Comparative Study on Allgrooming Behavior of White-headed Langur (Trachypithecus leucocephalus) and Fran?ois’ langur (Trachypithecus francoisi) Living in Guangxi, China

作　　者：冯月婷 韦周全 黄中豪[1,2,3] 李友邦[1,2,3] FENG Yueting;WEI Zhouquan;HUANG Zhonghao;LI Youbang(Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection(Guangxi Normal University),Ministry of Education,Guilin Guangxi 541006,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Animal Ecology(Guangxi Normal University),Guilin Guangxi 541006,China;College of Life Sciences,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin Guangxi 541006,China)

机构地区：[1]珍稀濒危动植物生态与环境保护教育部重点实验室(广西师范大学),广西桂林541006 [2]广西珍稀濒危动物生态学重点实验室(广西师范大学),广西桂林541006 [3]广西师范大学生命科学学院,广西桂林541006

出　　处：《广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第2期208-217,共10页Journal of Guangxi Normal University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31960104,31960106)。

摘　　要：白头叶猴Trachypithecus leucocephalus与黑叶猴T.francoisi是喀斯特地区的近缘物种,具有相似的栖息地、身体大小和社会结构及行为特征。为了比较2个物种的理毛行为特征和社会功能的异同,2016年2月至2017年1月,采用焦点动物取样法(focal animal sampling)和连续记录法(continuous recording)对2种叶猴的理毛时间和理毛姿势进行研究。结果表明,每1%单位体表面积上,白头叶猴可自理毛区域、无法自理毛区域和难自理毛区域获得理毛时间占比分别为0.67%±0.21%、1.01%±0.47%和1.44%±0.46%;黑叶猴上述3个区域的理毛时间占比分别为0.44%±0.14%、1.61%±0.58%和1.21%±0.54%。2种叶猴在不同理毛区域获得理毛时间支持理毛行为的卫生功能假说。白头叶猴和黑叶猴在肛门生殖区每1%单位表面积获得理毛时间占比为7.12%±2.26%和10.61%±7.68%,表现出高度的选择性;2种叶猴肛门生殖区中采用趴的理毛姿势的时间占比分别为9.47%±3.12%和14.72%±11.57%。在肛门生殖区的互相理毛行为中,2种叶猴的理毛行为均支持缓和功能假说。白头叶猴和黑叶猴采用无眼神接触的理毛姿势分别占47.86%±16.23%和63.76%±17.26%,白头叶猴的相互理毛行为不支持缓和功能假说,黑叶猴的相互理毛行为支持缓和功能假说。White-headed langur(Trachypithecus leucocephalus)and Fran ois’langur(Trachypithecus francoisi)are sibling species sharing similarities in habitat type,body size and social structure.Comparion of their allogrooming behavior are essential for understanding the similarities of their behavioral characteristics and social functions.Data regarding allogrooming time budget to various body region and grooming posture of the two langurs were collected in Fusui,China from February 2016 to January 2017 using focal animal sampling and continuous recording.Results showed that in each 1%skin surface,the allogrooming percentage of easy to reach area,inaccessible area and difficult to reach area of white-headed langur were 0.67%±0.21%,1.01%±0.47%and 1.44%±0.46%,and that of Fran ois’langur were 0.44%±0.14%,1.61%±0.58%and 1.21%±0.54%.The allogrooming percentage of different surface area of the two species supported the hygienic functional hypothesis.In each 1%skin surface,the allogrooming percentage of anogenital area of white-headed langur and Fran ois’langur were 7.12%±2.26%and 10.61%±7.68%,showing high selectivity.Percentages of allogrooming time received of groveling of white-headed langur and Fran ois’langur in anogenital area were 9.47%±3.12%and 10.61%±7.68%,which supported the distensive functional hypothesis.The grooming dyads of white-headed langur and Fran ois’langur adopted postures by avoiding facing each other,which accounted for 47.86%±16.23%in white-headed langur and 63.76%±17.26%for Fran ois’langur,indicating that the distensive functional hypothesis was not supported by the allogrooming percentage of white-headed langur and supported by the allogrooming percentage of Fran ois’langur.

关 键 词：白头叶猴 黑叶猴 理毛行为 卫生功能假说 缓和功能假说 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]