收入增长与家庭能源消费阶梯——基于中国农村家庭能源消费调查数据的再检验  

Revisit of Household Energy Ladder——Empirical Evidence from a Household Survey in Rural China

作　　者：吴施美 郑新业[2] SHIMEI WU;XINYE ZHENG(Hunan University;Renmin University of China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学经济与贸易学院 [2]中国人民大学应用经济学院

出　　处：《经济学（季刊）》2022年第1期45-66,共22页China Economic Quarterly

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(7210031035、72141308、71774165);湖南省自然科学基金项目(2021JJ40139)对本文的资助。

摘　　要：本文利用中国家庭能源消费调查(CRECS)数据考察了中国农村家庭的能源阶梯问题。研究发现家庭用能品种会随着收入提升呈现倒U形趋势,并且收入增长会助力于家庭的能源转型。其中,炊事用途随着收入增长能自发地进行能源升级,而"煤改电"政策则限制了收入效应在优化用能结构上的作用。考虑到中国的能源价格黏性,决策者应杜绝"一刀切"式的能源替代政策,将提高能源可支付性的重点放在收入增长上,加强效率瞄准,聚焦于贫困地区和低收入人群上。We investigate energy ladder in China’s rural areas by exploiting data from CRECS and find that there is an inverted U-shape relationship between the income and the number of fuel types. We also confirm the existence of energy ladder which residents can climb spontaneously for cooking, whereas “Coal-to-Electricity” policy hinders income effect in the energy structure upgrade. Taking the price stickiness into consideration, these findings imply that the policy-makers should avoid the energy transition of “one size fits all” and try to focus on the income growth in dealing with the energy affordability and strengthen the efficiency targeting.

关 键 词：能源阶梯 家庭能源消费 “煤改电”政策 

分 类 号：F323.214[经济管理—产业经济] F323.8