水稻耐寒基因CTB4a的核苷酸多样性及区域适应性  

Nucleotide diversity and adaptation of CTB4a gene related to cold tolerance in rice

作　　者：宋佳 职铭阳 陈强[2] 李玥莹 吴隆坤 农保选 李丹婷 逄洪波 郑晓明[5] Jia Song;Mingyang Zhi;Qiang Chen;Yueying Li;Longkun Wu;Baoxuan Nong;Danting Li;Hongbo Pang;Xiaoming Zheng(College of Life Sciences,Shenyang Normal University,Shenyang 110034;Experimental Center,Shenyang Normal University,Shenyang 110034;College of Grain,Shenyang Normal University,Shenyang 110034;Rice Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding,Nanning 530007;Center for Crop Germplasm Resources,Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]沈阳师范大学生命科学学院,沈阳110034 [2]沈阳师范大学实验中心,沈阳110034 [3]沈阳师范大学粮食学院,沈阳110034 [4]广西壮族自治区农业科学院水稻研究所/广西水稻遗传育种重点实验室,南宁530007 [5]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/作物种质资源中心,北京100081

出　　处：《生物多样性》2022年第2期60-68,共9页Biodiversity Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31970237);沈阳市中青年科技创新人才计划(RC190223);沈阳师范大学百人计划项目(SSDBRJH2002012)和沈阳师范大学重大孵化项目(ZD20210)。

摘　　要：为探究CTB4a基因的自然变异是否与栽培稻苗期耐低温相关,本研究以133份栽培稻(Oryza sativa L.)及35份普通野生稻(O.rufipogon Griff.)为实验材料,对CTB4a编码区的核苷酸多样性及其单倍型与地理分布的关系进行分析。结果表明CTB4a基因编码区有14个核苷酸变异,组成33个单倍型。Network分析发现,这些单倍型的286 bp处的SNP变异(+2,035,097 bp,G>C;+96 aa,Ala→Pro)将其分成Group A和Group B两组。Group A(CTB4a^(jap))共有56份样品,其中有43份(76.79%)是种植于中高纬度地区的粳稻;Group B(CTB4a^(ind))有77份样品,有63份(83.12%)是种植于热带和亚热带国家的籼稻。Group A中样品苗期黄叶率的平均值比Group B样品低30%,且两者耐寒性具有显著差异(P=1.25e-09)。位于286 bp处的变异只在Group A中出现,在Group B中均不存在,说明随着水稻种植区域向北迁移的育种过程中,栽培稻中出现了CTB4a^(jap)并被固定下来。该研究为理解水稻对低温适应的分子遗传机制和培育耐寒品种提供了理论基础。Aims:To explore whether the natural variation of CTB4a gene is related to low-temperature tolerance in cultivated rice seedlings.Methods:A total of 133 representative samples of cultivated rice(Oryza sativa L.)and 35 samples of wild rice(O.rufipogon Griff.)from all over the world were used as experimental materials to analyze the nucleotide diversity,the relationship between haplotypes and geographical distribution in gene coding region of CTB4a gene.Results:There were 14 nucleotide variations and 33 haplotypes in the coding region of CTB4a gene.According to single nucleotide polymorphism variation,the network of these haplotypes was divided into two groups(A and B)in variation at 286 bp(+2,035,097 bp,G>C;+96 aa,Ala→Pro).There were 56 samples in Group A,43 samples(76.79%)were japonica rice mainly distributed in middle and high latitudes,while Group B contains 77 samples,and 63 indica rice(83.12%)mainly distributed in tropical or subtropical countries.The low-temperature tolerance of Group A is significantly lower than that of Group B by 30%at the seedling stage on average.The variation at 286 bp only exists in Group A,but not in Group B.Conclusion:As the rice planting area moved northward,CTB4ajap appeared and was fixed during the breeding process.This research provides a theoretical basis for understanding the molecular genetic mechanism of rice adapting to low temperature and breeding cold-tolerant rice varieties.

关 键 词：栽培稻 CTB4a基因 核苷酸多样性 单倍型 适应性 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]