自然保护地环境解说资源研究:以九寨沟芦苇海解说步道为例  

Environmental interpretation resources for protected areas:Using the Reed Lake interpretation trail in the Jiuzhaigou as a case study

作　　者：张语克 张琼悦 张跃 肖维阳 杜杰 谢超 赵上娟 余水英 翟宗玉 郭沂 杨为亚 王定瑶 格让久 杨金秀 李英 王燕 孙鸿鸥 郭西南 周亮[1] Yuke Zhang;Qiongyue Zhang;Yue Zhang;Weiyang Xiao;Jie Du;Chao Xie;Shangjuan Zhao;Shuiying Yu;Zongyu Zhai;Yi Guo;Weiya Yang;Dingyao Wang;Jinxiu Yang;Ying Li;Yan Wang;Hongou Sun;Xinan Guo;Liang Zhou(Key Laboratory of Estuarine Ecological Security and Environmental Health,Fujian Province University(Tan Kah Kee College,Xiamen University),Zhangzhou,Fujian 363105;Jiuzhaigou Nature Conservancy,Jiuzhaigou,Sichuan 623402;Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization/Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization,Institute of Zoology,Guangdong Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510260;Jiuzhaigou National Nature Reserve Administration,Jiuzhaigou,Sichuan 623402;Jiuzhaigou Tourism Branch of Aba Dajiuzhai Tourism Group,Jiuzhaigou,Sichuan 623402)

机构地区：[1]河口生态安全与环境健康福建省高校重点实验室(厦门大学嘉庚学院),福建漳州363105 [2]九寨沟自然保护协会,四川九寨沟623402 [3]广东省科学院动物研究所广东省动物保护与资源利用重点实验室/广东省野生动物保护与利用公共实验室,广州510260 [4]九寨沟国家级自然保护区管理局,四川九寨沟623402 [5]阿坝大九寨旅游集团九寨沟旅游分公司,四川九寨沟623402

出　　处：《生物多样性》2022年第2期69-86,共18页Biodiversity Science

摘　　要：环境解说是自然保护地实现自然保护与环境教育目标的重要手段。目前我国自然保护地对解说资源的时空分布研究不足,且缺乏相应的实地调查方法,限制了解说系统的发展,难以满足公众对自然认知的需要,达不到环境教育的目的。开展解说资源的调查与研究,有助于更好地展示保护地的资源独特性和重要性。本文以九寨沟国家级自然保护区芦苇海解说步道为例,总结了解说资源的6个选择标准,并对区域的解说资源进行调查和监测,以期为我国自然保护地体系的环境解说资源调查和解说系统构建提供方法借鉴。芦苇海解说步道共筛选得到195种解说资源,包括植物与菌类100种、动物62种、生态系统类型5种、地质与水文7种、天象与气候2种、文化资源19种。空间上,植物与菌类、动物和生态系统类解说资源主要分布于内侧步道,而文化类解说资源在外侧栈道分布更多;时间上,夏秋季解说资源数量最多,冬春季较少,且动植物与菌类解说资源的数量具有明显的季节性。基于解说资源的属性、意义和分布特点,采用主旨式解说(thematic interpretation)方法设计了8条解说主旨,为解说内容的组织提供参考。Aims:Environmental interpretation is an important method for achieving the goal of nature conservation and environmental education in protected areas.Presently,the development of interpretation systems is limited due to a lack of research of the spatiotemporal patterns of interpretation resources in China’s protected areas,and the lack of corresponding field investigation methods.As a result,the interpretation system does not meet the needs of the public’s understanding of nature and fails in fulfilling environmental education objectives.Therefore,we aimed to study the spatiotemporal patterns of interpretation resources of Reed Lake in the Jiuzhaigou National Nature Reserve.Methods:We summarized six selection criteria of interpretation resources,as well as investigated and monitored the regional interpretation resources in the Reed Lake interpretation trail in Jiuzhaigou.Based on the attributes,meanings,and distribution characteristics of interpretation resources,interpretation themes were designed using the thematic interpretation method.Results:We found 195 interpretation resource types,including:100 types of plants and fungi,62 types of animals,5 ecosystem types,7 types of geology and hydrology,2 types of astronomical phenomena and climate,and 19 types of cultural resources.Spatially,plant,fungus,animal,and ecosystem resources were mainly distributed in the inner part of the trail.The cultural interpretation resources were more distributed in the outer part of the trail.In time,the number of interpretation resources was highest in summer and autumn,and less in winter and spring.Furthermore,the number of animal,plant,and fungus interpretation resources had obvious seasonality.Eight interpretation themes were designed to provide references of interpretation content for the organization.Conclusion:Exploring meanings inherent in interpretation resources and understanding their distributions are critical for delivering the uniqueness and importance of the resources to the public,and thus should be incorporated

关 键 词：保护地 环境解说 解说资源 主旨式解说 解说步道 

分 类 号：X36[环境科学与工程—环境工程]