河北东部平原区饲用燕麦适应性评价研究  

Study on the adaptability evaluation of feeding oats in the eastern plain of Hebei Province

作　　者：刘青松 贾艳丽 肖宇[1] 赵忠祥[1] 黄素芳[1] 岳明强[1] 刘震[1] 王秀玲[1] 阎旭东[1] 徐玉鹏[1] LIU Qingsong;JIA Yanli;XIAO Yu;ZHAO Zhongxiang;HUANG Sufang;YUE Mingqiang;LIU Zhen;WANG Xiuling;YAN Xudong;XU Yupeng(Cangzhou Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Cangzhou 061001,China)

机构地区：[1]沧州市农林科学院,河北沧州061001

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2022年第3期102-106,共5页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：河北省现代农业产业技术体系“草业创新团队栽培与信息化管理技术岗位”项目(HBCT2018160202);河北省重点研发计划项目“河北省主要优质饲草水肥耦合增产安全生产关键技术研究”(19226437D)。

摘　　要：为了研究不同燕麦(Avena sativa)品种在河北东部平原区生长适应性,筛选出适宜该地区种值的燕麦品种,试验通过田间种植对引进的10个燕麦品种(大富翁、魅力、燕王、贝勒、贝勒Ⅱ、太阳神、科纳、燕王Ⅱ、艾沃、A5S)的生育期、株高、茎叶比、产草量和收获期干草品质等性状进行分析。结果表明:各品种生育期为91~105 d。其中生育期最短的燕麦品种为A5S(生育期为91 d),最长的为贝勒Ⅱ(生育期达105 d)。各品种从分蘖期开始出现明显差别,且分蘖期~蜡熟期各品种间生育时期均有明显差别。不同燕麦品种之间株高差异较大,贝勒Ⅱ、太阳神、艾沃、A5S成熟期株高均超过100 cm,显著高于除贝勒外的其他燕麦品种(P<0.05),4个品种之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。不同燕麦品种茎叶比不同,其中艾沃、A5S两个燕麦品种茎叶比显著低于除贝勒外的其他燕麦品种(P<0.05)。参试品种的生长性状在当地的适应性较好,均能成熟并获得较高的产量,其中艾沃干草产量最高,达到9 972.0 kg/hm^(2),魅力干草产量仅为7 458.8 kg/hm^(2)。贝勒、燕王Ⅱ、艾沃和A5S品质表现最好,均可达到二级以上干草标准。通过聚类分析综合各生长性状来看,艾沃和A5S两个燕麦品种综合性状表现优异。说明艾沃和A5S这两个燕麦品种可作为本地燕麦草种植的首选品种。In order to study the growth adaptability of different oat(Avena sativa) varieties in the eastern plain of Hebei Province and choose out the suitable oat varieties for planting in this area, in this experiment, ten oat varieties(Midas, Charisma, Forage plus, Baler, Baler Ⅱ, Titan, Kona, Forage plus Ⅱ, Ivo, A5 S) were planted in the field to analyze the growth period, plant height, stem-leaf ratio, yield, and quality at harvest time. The results showed that the growth period of each variety was 91-105 days. Among them, the shortest growth period was A5 S(the growth period was 91 d), and the longest was Baler Ⅱ(the growth period was 105 d). There were obvious differences among different varieties at tillering stage, and there were obvious differences in the growth periods among the varieties from tillering stage to the mature stage. There were significant differences in plant heights among different oat varieties. The plant heights of Baler Ⅱ, Titan, Ivo, and A5 S at mature stage all exceeded 100 cm, which was significantly higher than that of other varieties except Baler(P<0.05). There was no significant difference among four varieties(P>0.05). The stem-leaf ratios among different oat varieties were different. Among them, Ivo and A5 S had significantly lower stem-leaf ratios than other oat varieties except Baler(P<0.05). The growth traits of the tested varieties had good adaptability in the local area, and they could mature and obtain higher yields. The hay yield of Iwo variety was the highest, reaching 9 972.0 kg/hm^(2), while that of Charisma variety was only 7 458.8 kg/hm^(2). Baler, Forage plusⅡ,Ivo and A5 S had better quality, and all of which could reach the second grade oat hay standard.Through cluster analysis and comprehensive analysis of various growth traits, Ivo and A5 S had excellent comprehensive traits. The results indicated that these two oat varieties could be used as the first choice for local oatgrass planting.

关 键 词：燕麦 产量 品质 茎叶比 适应性 评价 

分 类 号：S543.7[农业科学—作物学]