不同添加比例的稻草、玉米秸秆混合青贮饲料品质分析及其对荷斯坦牛干物质采食量和产奶性能的影响  

Quality analysis of mixed silage of rice straw and corn straw with different addition ratios and its effects on dry matter intake and milk production performance of Holstein cattle

作　　者：胡松梅[1] 龚泽修[1] 张翠永[2,3] 胡雄贵 HU Songmei;GONG Zexiu;ZHANG Cuiyong;HU Xionggui(Loudi Professional and Technical College,Loudi 417000,China;Hunan Institute of Animal and Veterinary Science,Changsha 410131,China;Hunan Liuwang Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410126,China)

机构地区：[1]娄底职业技术学院,湖南娄底417000 [2]湖南省畜牧兽医研究所,长沙410131 [3]湖南六旺生物科技有限公司,长沙410126

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2022年第4期100-105,共6页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：长沙市科技计划项目(KH1901241)。

摘　　要：为了对不同添加比例的稻草、玉米秸秆混合青贮饲料品质进行分析,并研究其对中国荷斯坦牛干物质采食量和产奶性能的影响。试验将25头胎次为2~3胎且体重、产奶量和生产期相近的荷斯坦牛随机分为5组(Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组和Ⅴ组),每组5头,在基础日粮的基础上,分别饲喂不同鲜重质量比的稻草、玉米秸秆混合青贮饲料[饲料A(0∶10)、饲料B(1∶9)、饲料C(2∶8)、饲料D(3∶7)和饲料E(4∶6)],预试期3 d,正试期60 d,对不同添加比例的稻草、玉米秸秆混合青贮饲料进行现场评定(颜色、气味、pH值、水分含量和质地)和营养成分(氨态氮、粗蛋白、粗灰分、干物质、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量)分析,并对各组的干物质采食量和产奶性能(乳样的乳脂率、乳蛋白率、乳糖率、总固形物含量、非脂固形物含量和4%标准乳)进行测定。结果表明:饲料A和饲料B现场评定为优等,饲料C和饲料D为良好,饲料E为一般。饲料A和饲料B的氨态氮含量显著低于饲料C、饲料D和饲料E(P<0.05);饲料A和饲料B的粗蛋白含量显著高于饲料C、饲料D和饲料E(P<0.05),饲料C和饲料D显著高于饲料E(P<0.05);饲料A和饲料B的中性洗涤纤维含量显著低于饲料D和饲料E(P<0.05),饲料C与其他4种饲料均差异不显著(P>0.05);饲料A的酸性洗涤纤维含量显著低于其他4种饲料(P<0.05),其他4种饲料间差异不显著(P>0.05);5种饲料的粗灰分和干物质含量均差异不显著(P>0.05)。各试验组干物质采食量均差异不显著(P>0.05)。试验Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组的产奶量显著高于试验Ⅳ组、Ⅴ组(P<0.05),试验Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组间差异不显著(P>0.05);试验Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组乳脂率显著高于试验Ⅳ组、Ⅴ组(P<0.05),试验Ⅲ组与其他4组差异不显著(P>0.05);各组间的乳蛋白率、乳糖率及总固形物和非脂固形物含量均差异不显著(P>0.05);试验Ⅰ组的4%标准乳显著高于试验�In order to analyze the quality of mixed silage of rice straw and corn straw with different addition ratios and to study its effects on dry matter intake and milk production performance of Holstein cattle, 25 Holstein cattle with 2-3 births, similar body weight, milk yield and production period were randomly divided into 5 groups(group Ⅰ, group Ⅱ, group Ⅲ, group Ⅳ and group Ⅴ), with 5 cows in each group. On the basis of basic diet, rice straw and corn straw mixed silage with different fresh weight mass ratio(feed A[0∶10], feed B[1∶9], feed C[2∶8], feed D[3∶7] and feed E[4∶6]) were fed respectively. The pre-trial period lasted for 3 days and the pilot period lasted for 60 days. Field evaluation(color, odor, pH value, moisture content and texture) of mixed silage of rice straw and corn straw with different addition ratios was performed, its nutritional components(ammonia nitrogen and crude protein, crude ash, dry matter, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber) were analyzed, and the dry matter intake and milk production performance(milk fat rate, milk protein rate, lactose rate, total solid content, non fat solid content and 4% standard milk of milk sample) in each group were determined. The results showed that feed A and feed B were evaluated as excellent;feed C and feed D were good and feed E was general. The ratio of ammonia nitrogen in the feed A and the feed B was significantly lower than that in the feed C, the feed D and the feed E(P<0.05). The crude protein contents in the feed A and feed B were significantly higher than those in the feed C, the feed D and the feed E(P<0.05), and the crude protein content in feed C and feed D was significantly higher than that in the feed E(P<0.05). The content of neutral detergent fiber in the feed A and feed B was significantly lower than that in the feed D and the feed E(P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between the feed C and the other four feeds(P>0.05). The acid detergent fiber content in the feed A was significantly lower

关 键 词：稻草 玉米秸秆 青贮饲料 荷斯坦牛 产奶性能 

分 类 号：S823.9[农业科学—畜牧学]