厢板典型结构的焊接变形分析与工艺约束优化  

Analysis of Welding Deformation and Process Constraint Optimization of Typical Carriage Structure

作　　者：张雪松[1] 李登矗 ZHANG Xuesong;LI Dengchu(School of Mechatronics Engineering,Zhongyuan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450007,China;Zhengzhou City Rail Transit Specialized Secondary School,Zhengzhou 451152,China)

机构地区：[1]中原工学院机电学院,河南郑州450007 [2]郑州城轨交通中等专业学校,河南郑州451152

出　　处：《热加工工艺》2022年第3期122-126,130,共6页Hot Working Technology

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(152102210365)。

摘　　要：工程运输车辆货厢板制造采用的是钢板与槽钢的组合焊接方式,焊接中的热变形会造成厢板的挠曲变形,从而导致产品不合格。为减少厢板的焊接变形,选取了车厢侧厢板焊接后变形最大的位置,即长槽钢焊接位置进行数值模拟分析。通过施加高斯热载荷,采用热-结构耦合分析,得到了焊接后厢板结构的应力及变形分布情况。结合生产实际,通过调整焊接工艺,提出了“四点固定”的L与R方案,再分别对这两个工艺方案进行了仿真模拟,最后优选出一个方案进行了实际应用。试验表明,优化方案极大地改善了车厢整体的加工质量,且外观效果也有了明显的提升。The production of dump truck carriage of engineering transport vehicles mainly uses welding process,and the welding deformation is the major factor affecting the quality of the carriage.In order to reduce the welding deformation of dump truck carriage,the maximum deformation position on dump truck carriage side,namely long channel steel weld position,was selected for numerical simulation.By applying Gauss thermal load and using thermal-structural coupling analysis,the stress distribution and deformation after welding were obtained.According to the actual production situation,the welding process was adjusted,and the"four-point fixed"scheme L and R were put forward.The two schemes were simulated and analyzed,and a scheme was selected.Finally,the experiment shows that the optimized scheme improves the whole quality and appearance of the carriage.

关 键 词：工程运输车辆车厢 焊接 工艺优化 有限元 

分 类 号：TG404[金属学及工艺—焊接]