不同地区边鸡种蛋孵化效果比较  

Comparison of hatching-eggs incubation effect of Bian chicken in different regions

作　　者：郭志凯[1] 嘎利兵嘎 沈向华[1] GUO Zhikai;Galibingga;SHEN Xianghua(Vocational and Technical College,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Baotou 014109,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学职业技术学院,内蒙古包头014109

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2022年第2期53-56,共4页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：内蒙古自治区高等学校科学研究项目(NJZY19058);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2021MS03088)。

摘　　要：为了比较不同地区边鸡种蛋的孵化效果,试验选择山西忻州市、山西右玉县、内蒙古通辽市、内蒙古凉城县、河北张家口市、内蒙古卓资县、内蒙古包头市7个地区(7个地区按照以上顺序分别设置为试验1,2,3,4,5,6,7组)的各8只210日龄边鸡所产的种蛋各100枚,采用机器孵化法孵化种蛋,测定和计算各组种蛋的受精率、受精蛋数、破损蛋数、破损率、出雏数、入孵蛋孵化率、受精蛋孵化率、5胚龄死胎蛋数、10胚龄死胎蛋数、19胚龄死胎蛋数、入孵蛋重、5胚龄失重、5胚龄失重率、19胚龄失重、19胚龄失重率、初生重、初生重占蛋重比例,分析比较各地区边鸡种蛋孵化效果。结果表明:试验4组受精蛋数最多,受精率、出雏数、入孵蛋孵化率、受精蛋孵化率最高,破损率最低,5胚龄死胎蛋数最少,19胚龄死胎蛋数最少;试验3组破损率最低,10胚龄死胎蛋数最少;试验7组19胚龄死胎蛋数最少。试验6组种蛋的入孵蛋重最重,与试验5组差异不显著(P>0.05),而显著高于试验1,2,3,4,7组(P<0.05);试验6组5胚龄失重、19胚龄失重率、初生重最高,与试验4,5组差异不显著(P>0.05),而显著高于试验1,2,3,7组(P<0.05);试验6组19胚龄失重最高,显著高于试验1,2,3,4,5,7组(P<0.05);试验6组初生重占蛋重比例最低,显著低于试验1,2,3,4,5,7组(P<0.05)。边鸡的初生重在27.73~31.13 g之间,初生重占蛋重比例在68.25%~72.85%之间。边鸡初生重随入孵蛋重增加而增加,最佳孵化蛋重区间为41~44 g。说明地区对边鸡种蛋孵化效果有较大影响,其中试验4组(内蒙古凉城县)种蛋孵化效果最好。In order to compare the incubation effect of Bian chicken hatching-eggs in different areas, an average of 100 hatching-eggs from eight 210-day old Bian chicken per region were selected from 7 areas(7 areas were sequentially set as experimental groups 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7) including Xinzhou City in Shanxi Province, Youyu County in Shanxi Province, Tongliao City in Inner Mongolia, Liangcheng County in Inner Mongolia, Zhangjiakou City in Hebei Province, Zhuozi County in Inner Mongolia and Baotou City in Inner Mongolia. The hatching-eggs were incubated by machine incubation method. The fertilization rate, number of fertilized eggs, number of damaged eggs, damage rate, chick number of hatching eggs, hatching rate of hatching eggs, hatching rate of fertilized eggs, number of 5-embryonic age dead eggs, number of 10-embryonic age dead eggs, number of 19-embryonic age dead eggs, hatching-egg weight, 5-embryonic age weight loss, 5-embryonic age weight loss rate, 19-embryonic age weight loss, 19 embryonic age weight loss rate, birth weight and ratio of birth weight to egg weight were measured and calculated. The hatching effects of hatching-eggs of Bian chicken in various regions was analyzed and compared. The results showed that the number of fertilized eggs, fertilization rate, chick number of hatching eggs, hatching rate of hatched eggs, and hatching rate of fertilized eggs in the experimental group 4 were the highest, and the damage rate, number of 5-embryonic age and number of 19-embryonic age dead eggs were the lowest. The damage rate and number of 10-embryonic age dead eggs in the experimental group 3 were the lowest. The number of 19-embryonic age dead eggs in the experimental group 7 were the lowest. The hatching egg weight in the experimental group 6 was the heaviest. There was no significant difference in hatching egg weight between experimental groups 6 and 5(P>0.05), but it was significantly higher than that in the experimental groups 1, 2, 3, 4 and 7(P<0.05). The 5-embryonic age weight loss, 19-embryonic age

关 键 词：边鸡 不同地区 受精率 孵化率 入孵蛋重 初生重 

分 类 号：S831.3[农业科学—畜牧学]