2020年河南省信阳市新型冠状病毒肺炎密切接触者感染状况分析  

Analysis of risk factors for infection of COVID-19 among close contacts in Xinyang,Henan in 2020

作　　者：周巾力 朱谦[2] 黄河秋[1] 胡艳[1] 姚慧[1] ZHOU Jinli;ZHU Qian;HUANG Heqiu;HU Yan;YAO Hui(Infectious Disease Control Division,Xingyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xinyang,Henan 464000,China;Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention)

机构地区：[1]信阳市疾病预防控制中心传染病控制科,河南信阳464000 [2]河南省疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《河南预防医学杂志》2022年第2期94-97,107,共5页Henan Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析信阳市新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19,简称新冠肺炎)密切接触者的感染率和危险因素,为制定疫情防控策略和措施提供科学依据。方法收集信阳市2020年1月23日至3月2日报告的274例新冠肺炎确诊病例和无症状感染者的密切接触者的流行病学、临床和实验室检测资料,分析密切接触者不同类型的感染率和感染的危险因素。结果共追踪调查了2709名密切接触者,总感染率为2.36%(64/2709),确诊病例、无症状感染者的密切接触者感染率分别为2.11%(55/2612)和9.28%(9/97),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=21.434,P<0.001)。不同感染来源病例的密切接触者中,输入性病例的密切接触者感染率为3.15%(45/1427),本地病例的密切接触者感染率为1.48%(19/1282),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=12.682,P<0.001)。不同关系的密切接触者中,朋友(5.56%)、家庭成员(3.16%)、亲戚(2.51%)差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=22.725,P=0.006)。不同接触方式中,共同生活感染率为3.39%(28/827),共同聚餐为3.18%(25/785)、诊疗/护理2.21%(6/271)、面对面无防护的短暂对话/办事为2.21%(3/136),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=33.583,P=0.007)。不同接触频率中,经常接触感染率为4.57%(48/1051),一般接触为1.29%,偶尔接触为0.81%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=36.659,P<0.001)。不同接触时间中,发病前后均有接触感染率为3.49%(25/717),潜伏期接触为2.10%(19/903),发病后接触为1.84%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=13.102,P<0.001)。结论不同病例来源、不同接触方式、接触时间、频次等均为新冠肺炎病例密切接触者感染的危险因素,加强密切接触者的科学分类管理,精准防控具有重要意义。Objective To analyze the infection rate and risk factors of COVID-19 in close contacts,so as to provide a scientific evidence for formulating the strategies and measures of outbreak prevention and control.Methods The epidemiological,clinical and laboratory testing data for 274 COVID-19 cases reported in Xinyang from Jan 23-Mar 2,2020 and the close contacts of asymptomatic infected persons were collected;the infection rates and risk factors in close contacts by different exposure types were analyzed.Results The epidemic curve of COVID-19 in Xinyang showed continuous human-to-human transmission characteristics.A total of 2709 close contacts were tracked and investigated,with an overall infection rate of 2.36%(64/2709),and the infection rates of close contacts of confirmed cases and asymptomatic infections were 2.11%(55/2612)and 9.28%(9/997),respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).Among the close contacts of cases with different infection sources,the infection rates in the close contacts of imported and local cases were 3.15%(45/1427)and 1.48%(19/1282),respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=12.682,P<0.001).Among close contacts with different relationships,the infection rates among friends,family members and relatives were 5.56%,3.16% and 2.51%,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=22.725,P=0.006).There was statistically significant difference in the infection rates the contacts with living with cases(3.39%),sharing dinners (3.18%),diagnosis/treatment(2.21%),and face-to-face unprotected brief conversations/services(2.21%)(χ^(2)=33.583,P=0.007).The infection rates in frequent,general and occasional contacts were4.57%(48/1051),1.29%and 0.81%,respectively,and the difference among them was statistically significant(χ^(2)=36.659,P<0.001).As for different contact time,the infection rate in contacts before and after the onset was 3.49%(25/717),and the infection rate in contacts was 2.10%(19/903)during the incubation period and 1.84

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒肺炎 密切接触者 感染率 危险因素 

分 类 号：R563.14[医药卫生—呼吸系统]