河南省某县肠道病毒EV71疫苗接种意愿及影响因素  

Willingness to vaccination against Enterovirus 71 and its influencing factors in a county of Henan

作　　者：苏佳[1] 潘静静[1] 王若琳[1] 王文华 卫海燕[1] 马红霞[1] 王海峰[1] 叶莹[1] 黄学勇[1] SU Jia;PAN Jingjing;WANG Ruolin;WANG Wenhua;WEI Haiyan;MA Hongxia;WANG Haifeng;YE Ying;HUANG Xueyong(Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhengzhou 450016,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省疾病预防控制中心,河南郑州450016

出　　处：《河南预防医学杂志》2022年第2期112-115,共4页Henan Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：河南省自然科学基金(182300410384);河南省科技攻关项目(182102310231);河南省医学科技攻关计划项目(2018020514);河南省医学科技攻关计划联合共建项目(LHGJ20210141)。

摘　　要：目的调查散居和托幼儿童家长肠道病毒EV71疫苗接种意愿、影响因素和不愿接种的原因,为制定疫苗接种策略提供科学依据。方法2017年选取河南省某县某幼儿园儿童家长及散居儿童家长作为调查对象,自行设计问卷,集中填写并回收,分析EV71疫苗接种意愿及其影响因素。结果共发放调查问卷362份,回收351份,279人(79.5%)愿意接种肠道病毒EV71疫苗。城市家长EV71疫苗愿意接种率(83.2%)高于农村家长(71.2%)(P<0.05);散居儿童家长愿意接种率(83.7%)高于托幼儿童家长(72.8%)(P<0.05);父母愿意接种率高于其他关系家长(P<0.05);随着学历增高,家长愿意接种率提高(P<0.05);既往未患手足口病儿童家长愿意接种率高于既往患病儿童家长(P<0.05);医学相关职业、主动了解手足口病、关注疫苗、知晓知识、行为养成和接受过专业人员讲解的家长愿意接种率高于其他家长(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,相对于17~29岁年龄组,30~39岁年龄组是接种意愿的保护因素(P=0.042,OR=0.378,95%CI:0.148~0.965),关注疫苗(P<0.001,OR=16.235,95%CI:6.365~41.410)、行为养成(P=0.044,OR=2.657,95%CI:1.027~6.870)、知识知晓(P=0.036,OR=2.743,95%CI:1.070~7.036)是接种意愿的危险因素。72例不愿意接种EV71疫苗,其中22例(30.6%)是因为价格高,29例(40.3%)是因为担忧疫苗安全性,20例(27.8%)是因为担忧疫苗效果,1例(1.4%)认为没必要。结论近80%的家长愿意给孩子接种EV71疫苗,应针对影响接种意愿的因素和原因开展针对性健康教育,提高疫苗接种意愿和接种率。Objective To understand the willingness,influencing factors and refusal reasons of enterovirus 71(EV71)vaccination among the guardians of dispersed and preschool children,and provide scientific evidence for formulating vaccination strategy.Methods In 2017,guardians of children in a kindergarten and those of scattered children were selected as the subjects in a county of Henan.The self-designed questionnaires were filled in together and collected.Descriptive epidemiological methods were used for the analysis.Results A total of 362 questionnaires were distributed and 351 were collected.279 guardians(79.5%)were willing to receive EV71 vaccination.The rate of willingness to get EV71 vaccination among urban guardians(83.2%)was higher than that among rural guardians(71.2%)(P<0.05).The rate of willing to get EV71 vaccination among dispersed children’s guardians(83.7%)was higher than that among preschool children’s guardians(72.8%)(P<0.05).Parents were more willing to receive vaccination than other guardians(P<0.05),parents were more willing to receive vaccination with the increase of their educational background(P<0.05),guardians of children who had not suffered from HFMD before were more willing to receive vaccination than guardians of children who had suffered from HFMD before(P<0.05).Guardians with medical profession,activity in learning knowledge of HFMD,attention to vaccine,knowledge awareness,behavior formation and being trained by a professional were more willing to receive vaccination than other guardians(P<0.05).Multivariable Logistic Regression analysis showed that the 30-39 year-old group was the protective factor of vaccination willingness compared with the 17-29 year-old group(P=0.042,OR:0.378,95%CI:0.148-0.965),attention to vaccine was a risk factor(P<0.001,OR:16.235,95%CI:6.365-41.410),behavior formation was a risk factor(P=0.044,OR:2.657,95%CI:1.027-6.870),knowledge awareness was a risk factor(P=0.036,OR:2.743,95%CI:1.070-7.036).Of the 72 guardians who did not want to receive the EV71 vaccine,22(30.6

关 键 词：EV71疫苗 接种意愿 手足口病 影响因素 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学]