断裂对石马山地区岩溶发育的控制  

Control of fault on karst development in Shimashan area

作　　者：许欣雨 陈清华[1] 孙珂 刘红英 韩科龙 XU Xinyu;CHEN Qinghua;SUN Ke;LIU Hongying;HAN Kelong(School of Geosciences in China University of Petroleum(East China), Qingdao 266580, China;Petroleum Exploration & Production Research Institute, SINOPEC, Beijing 100083, China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)地球科学与技术学院,山东青岛266580 [2]中国石油化工股份有限公司石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《中国石油大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第1期1-12,共12页Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science)

基　　金：国家重大科技专项(2016ZX05014-002)。

摘　　要：为了明确不同性质断裂对岩溶发育的控制规律,以石马山地区为例,通过野外地质考察,采集断层、裂缝、溶洞及溶缝相关地质参数和图像数据,并辅以三维激光扫描技术,结合前人研究分析研究区断裂发育特征和岩溶发育特征,探讨不同性质断裂控制下岩溶发育的特点和规律,并建立相应的断裂控岩溶发育模式。结果表明压性断层沿着上盘裂缝带可形成一定规模的岩溶带,溶蚀强度较小;张性断层沿断裂带及其两侧的高角度裂缝发育处岩溶作用强烈,易形成断溶谷,溶蚀强度最大;扭性断层一般沿破碎带溶蚀或在断层拐弯部位派生张性裂缝发育处溶蚀,岩溶形态表现为窄条带状或串珠状,溶蚀强度介于张性和压性断层之间;在多组剪切缝交叉部位,岩层破碎,易形成小型的溶孔、溶洞、溶缝;张裂缝主要在不同方向张裂缝汇聚部位或张裂缝走向发生改变且曲率较大的转折端位置发生溶蚀,易形成一系列串珠状小型溶洞。This paper mainly studies the law of different faults controlling karst development in Shimashan area.Through field geological investigation,the geological parameters and image data related to faults,fractures,karst caves and dissolution fractures are collected.By using 3D laser scanning technology,the characteristics of fault structure and karst development in the study area are analyzed in combination with previous studies.The characteristics and laws of karst development under the control of different faults are discussed,and the corresponding tectonic-controlled karst development models are established.The results show that on the hanging wall of the compressive fault,fracture zone is easy to dissolve to form a karst zone,and the dissolution intensity is small.For tension fault,dissolution occurs strongly along the fault zone and its both sides where the high angle fractures develop,even forming fault valley,and the dissolution intensity is the largest.For torsional faults,dissolution generally occurs along the fracture zone or in the place where tensile fractures develop at the fault turning point.Karst morphology is shown as narrow strips or in bead shape,and the dissolution intensity is between the tensile and compressive faults.At the intersection of multiple shear joints,the rock layer is broken and easy to form small,dissolved pores,caves and dissolved cracks.For tensile fractures,dissolution occurs mainly at the converging part of the tensile fractures in different directions or at the turning point where the direction of the tensile fractures changes and the curvature is larger,where a series of small beaded karst caves are easy to form.

关 键 词：石马山地区 断层 裂缝 溶洞 溶缝 岩溶发育模式 

分 类 号：P642.25[天文地球—工程地质学]