基于叠前地震数据五维信息的薄互储层预测方法  

Prediction method of thin interbank based on five-dimensional information of prestack seismic data

作　　者：徐立恒[1] 楚文静 马浩楠 星占龙 张鹏[5] 李红星[1] XU Liheng;CHU Wenjing;MA Haonan;XING Zhanlong;ZHANG Peng;LI Hongxing(Exploration and Development Research Institute of Daqing Oilfield Company Limited, Daqing 163712, China;Exploration Department of Yumen Oilfield Branch, PetroChina, Jiuquan 735019, China;Technical Center of No.2 Oil Production Plant of PetroChina Qinghai Oilfield Company, Mangya 816400, China;Drilling and Production Technology Research Institute of PetroChina Qinghai Oilfield Company, Dunhuang 736200, China;Research Institute of Engineering Technology, Yumen Oilfield Branch, PetroChina, Jiuquan 735019, China)

机构地区：[1]大庆油田有限责任公司勘探开发研究院,黑龙江大庆163712 [2]中国石油玉门油田分公司勘探部,甘肃酒泉735019 [3]中国石油青海油田分公司采油二厂技术中心,青海茫崖816400 [4]中国石油青海油田分公司钻采工艺研究院,甘肃敦煌736200 [5]中国石油玉门油田分公司工程技术研究院,甘肃酒泉735019

出　　处：《中国石油大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第1期53-61,共9页Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science)

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2016ZX05054)。

摘　　要：针对油田薄互储层砂体描述难题,开展基于叠前地震五维信息的储层预测方法研究,提高不同类型河道砂体识别精度。具体步骤包括首先,根据研究区地震采集观测系统参数,将地震记录划分为80个有效OVT单元,并进行噪音压制、地表一致性振幅补偿及反褶积处理,频宽提高至8~109 Hz;其次,分析不同方位及不同偏移距的叠前地震道集特征,确定地震振幅随不同方位和偏移距呈似正弦曲线关系,揭示OVT地震信息具有各向异性特征,并以方位角20°为间隔,建立“方位九分”的道集部分叠加方案;最后,对研究区目的层不同部位的大量地震切片进行对比。结果表明对复合砂体来说,与砂体展布方向呈一定夹角或垂直的方位切片更加匹配;对于窄小河道砂体来说,与砂体展布方向一致的方位切片更加匹配。利用叠前地震五维信息能够实现储层精准表征,能指导典型区块剩余油措施方案编制,对废弃河道发育部位进行压裂、对新发现的窄小河道进行补孔,具有良好的应用效果。Aiming at the problem of sand body description of thin interbedded reservoir in oilfield,a reservoir prediction method based on prestack seismic five dimensional information is proposed to improve the recognition accuracy of different types of channel sand bodies.The specific steps include firstly,according to the parameters of the seismic acquisition and observation system in the study area,the seismic records are divided into 80 effective OVT units,and noise suppression,surface consistent amplitude compensation and deconvolution processing are carried out to improve the bandwidth to 8-109 Hz;secondly,the characteristics of prestack seismic gathers with different azimuth and offset are analyzed,and the variation of seismic amplitude with different azimuth and offset is determined.The results show that the seismic information of the OVT has the characteristics of anisotropy,and a partial stack scheme of"azimuth nine points"with the azimuth angle of 20°as the interval is established.Finally,through the comparison of a large number of seismic slices in different parts of the target layer in the study area,the azimuth slices with a certain angle or perpendicular to the sand body distribution direction seems more suitable for the composite sand body.For the narrow channel sand body,the slice orientation which is consistent with the sand body distribution direction is more consistent.The accurate reservoir characterization is realized by using the five-dimensional prestack seismic information,which guides the preparation of residual oil measures in typical blocks,fracturing the developed parts of abandoned river channels,and hole repairing for the newly discovered narrow river channels.

关 键 词：地震五维信息 薄互储层 河道 方位角 预测方法 

分 类 号：TE19[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]