废弃硬质合金综合回收技术研究进展  

Comprehensive recovery technologies for waste cemented carbide

作　　者：邢洪旋 李继东[1] 康红光 田亮 王孟强 王雪莲 XING Hong-xuan;LI Ji-dong;KANG Hong-guang;TIAN Liang;WANG Meng-qiang;WANG Xue-lian(Material and Metallurgy Institute,Liaoning Technology University,Anshan 114051,China;National Key Laboratory for Ni-Co Comprehensive Utilization,Anshan 114051,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁科技大学材料与冶金学院,辽宁鞍山114051 [2]镍钴资源综合利用国家重点实验室,辽宁鞍山114051

出　　处：《中国有色冶金》2022年第1期83-89,共7页China Nonferrous Metallurgy

基　　金：辽宁科技大学大学生创新创业计划专项经费资助项目(项目编号:s202010146024)。

摘　　要：我国现有硬质合金回收技术存在环境污染严重、对设备要求高、生产成本高等问题,而且只有少数产品质量达到国际平均水平,导致废弃硬质合金的堆积量呈几何倍增长。在我国钨、钴资源稀缺的前提下,开发一种新的废弃硬质合金高效短流程回收工艺具有重要意义。本文综述了国内外回收废弃硬质合金的主要方法,对电化学法的低温水溶液回收技术和高温熔盐电沉积回收技术及其相关应用进行了阐述;最后对这两种技术的联合工艺的路线及研究现状进行了详细分析,指出该技术可有效弥补单一电化学回收工艺的不足,提高了合金分离效率和产物品质;表明未来以"电化学方法为主,多种工艺方法相结合"是处理废弃硬质合回收再利用的主要热点研究方向。In China, the existing cemented carbide recovery technologies have the disadvantages of heavy environmental pollution, high requirements for equipment, high production costs, etc., and the quality of only a few products can be up to the world average level, resulting that the stockpiled amount of waste cemented carbide has been increasing geometrically. In view of the fact that the tungsten and cobalt resources are scarce in China, the development of a new, high efficiency and short-route waste cemented carbide recovery process is of great significance. In this article, the main methods for waste cemented carbide recovery in China and abroad are summarized, the recovery technology of low temperature water solution in electrochemical method and the recovery technology of high temperature molten salt electrodeposition and the relevant applications are elaborated;and finally, the detailed analysis is made for the route of joint process of these two technologies.The article points out that this technology can remedy effectively the shortcomings of single electrochemical recovery process, and can improve the alloy separation efficiency and product quality;it shows that in the future, the way of “electrochemical method is the mainstay, combined with various processes and methods” will be the major hot research direction for treatment and recycling of waste cemented carbide.

关 键 词：废弃硬质合金 回收技术 电化学 绿色冶金 低温水溶液回收技术 高温熔盐电沉积回收技术 两步电化学联合回收工艺 

分 类 号：TF841.1[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] X758[环境科学与工程—环境工程]