复杂铜钴合金酸浸-氧化酸浸工艺及动力学研究  

Complex copper-cobalt alloy acid leaching-oxidizing acid leaching process and its dynamics

作　　者：高琦 吴浩 郑江峰 黄仁忠 张颖 文定强 GAO Qi;WU Hao;ZHENG Jiang-feng;HUANG Ren-zhong;ZHANG Ying;WEN Ding-qiang(Guangdong Jiana Energy Technology Co.,Ltd.,Qingyuan 513056,China)

机构地区：[1]广东佳纳能源科技有限公司,广东清远513056

出　　处：《中国有色冶金》2022年第1期90-95,101,共7页China Nonferrous Metallurgy

基　　金：广东省科技创新战略专项资金(2018B090902009)。

摘　　要：针对难处理复杂铜钴合金不易浸出的问题,本文采用一段直接酸浸-二段氧化酸浸工艺进行了单因素试验,考察了各因素对钴、铜和铁的浸出率的影响,试验结果表明:一段浸出最佳工艺条件是硫酸浓度2 mol/L、反应温度85℃、搅拌转速200 r/min、固液比1∶10 g/mL、反应时间105 min,二段浸出最佳工艺条件是反应温度85℃、搅拌转速200 r/min、固液比1∶10 g/mL、氯酸钠添加量30%、初始酸浓度3 mol/L、反应时间4 h,在此条件下可获得钴、铜和铁的较高浸出率,浸出率分别为95.47%、96.62%和96.01%。未反应核模型用于描述铜钴合金两段浸出过程拟合效果良好,内扩散为反应的限制性环节,浸出过程表观活化能分布区间为5~20 kJ/mol,对于钴和铜两种元素,第二段浸出活化能分别增加了1.721 kJ/mol和8.888 kJ/mol,但是铁的活化能降低了10.186 kJ/mol。To tackle the difficulty in the leaching of refractory Cu-Co alloy, the process of a primary direct acid leaching + a secondary oxidizing acid leaching is adopted for single-factor test, and the influence of each factor on the leaching rate of Co, Cu and Fe is studied. The test results show that the optimal process conditions of the primary leaching are a sulfuric acid concentration being 2 mol/L, a reaction temperature at 85 ℃, an agitation speed of 200 r/min, a liquid-solid ratio of 1∶10 g/mL and a reaction time of 105 min;the optimal process conditions of the secondary leaching are a reaction temperature at 85 ℃, an agitation speed of 200 r/min, a liquid-solid ratio of1∶10 g/mL, sodium chlorate being used as oxidizing agent at a dosage of 30% and the initial acid concentration being 3 mol/L, and reaction time lasting 4 h. Under such conditions, the relatively high leaching rate of Co, Cu and Fe can be obtained, which are respectively as 95.47%, 96.62% and 96.01%. A unreacted core model is used to characterize the excellent imitative effect of the two-stage Cu-Co alloy leaching process, internal diffusion is the restriction factor of the reaction, the apparent activation energy during the leaching process is within the distribution range of 5~20 kJ/mol. In the secondary leaching, the activation energy of Co and Cu is increased by 1.721 kJ/mol and 8.888 kJ/mol respectively while that of Fe is decreased by 10.186 kJ/mol.

关 键 词：铜钴合金 直接酸浸 氧化酸浸 钴浸出率 铜浸出率 铁浸出率 内扩散 活化能 

分 类 号：TF803.21[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] TF801.1