两种昆虫病原线虫在兰州的田间消长规律及越冬越夏观测  

The population dynamics of two Entomopathogenic nematodes and their over-wintering and over-summering in Lanzhou

作　　者：朱小芳 张晓波 钱秀娟 ZHU Xiaofang;ZHANG Xiaobo;QIAN Xiujuan(College of Plant Protection,Gansu Agricultural University,Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Disease and Pests of Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学植物保护学院,甘肃省农作物病虫害生物防治工程实验室,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2021年第6期82-88,96,共8页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31960559);甘肃农业大学科技创新基金-学科建设专项(GAU-XKJS-151);甘肃省科技计划项目(18JR3RA162)。

摘　　要：【目的】为了探究甘肃省内昆虫病原线虫的越冬越夏情况及其田间种群分布的动态变化,为昆虫病原线虫田间应用及研究提供理论依据.【方法】以甘肃省2种优势种群异小杆线虫Heterorhabditis megidis 0627M和斯氏线虫Steinernema felitiae 0619HT为研究对象,分别以悬浮液3×10^(5)、4×10^(5)、5×10^(5)、虫尸剂8头及3×10^(5)+虫尸剂8头施入试验田,研究不同施用方法和剂量下昆虫病原线虫田间消长规律及越冬越夏情况.【结果】2种昆虫病原线虫H.megidis 0627M和S.feltiae 0619HT均能在甘肃田间建植种群.在悬浮液3×10^(5)头+虫尸剂8头的施用方法下,2种昆虫病原线虫在一年内的种群数量变化趋势一致,且S.feltiae 0619HT的田间种群数量显著高于H.megidis 0627M,2种昆虫病原线虫的种群数量在四月份时达到高峰.异小杆线虫H.megidis 0627M主要在0~10 cm土层越冬,而斯氏线虫S.feltiae 0619HT主要在11~20 cm土层越冬,斯氏线虫S.feltiae 0619HT的越冬存活能力要显著高于异小杆线虫H.megidis 0627M.异小杆线虫H.megidis 0627M和斯氏线虫S.feltiae 0619HT主要在11~20 cm土层中越夏,斯氏线虫S.feltiae 0619HT越夏的种群数量显著高于异小杆线虫H.megidis 0627M.【结论】在悬浮液3×10^(5)头+虫尸剂8头的施用方法下,S.feltiae 0619HT比H.megidis 0627M更适应在田间土壤中生存,且越冬越夏时种群密度最高,还可以保证在越冬越夏后仍有一个较高的种群密度,因此,施用悬浮液+虫尸剂的处理是一种理想的施用方法.【Objective】In order to investigate the over-wintering and over-summering situation and the population dynamic of Heterorhabditis megidis 0627M and Steinernema felitiae 0619HT in Lanzhou,to provide a theoretical basis for further research and application of entomopathogenic nematodes.【Method】Two kinds of dominant population in Gansu province,Heterorhabditis megidis 0627M and Steinernema felitiae 0619HT were studied on population dynamic of entomogenous nematodes and their over-wintering and over-summering under different application methods with the different does of entomopathogenic nematodes,such as 3×10^(5),4×10^(5),5×10^(5),8 host cadaver capsules and 3×10^(5)+8 host cadaver capsules in the field.【Result】Both entomopathogenic nematode H.megidis 0627 M and S.feltiae 0619HT can establish populations in the fields of Gansu Province.And under the suspension application method of 3×10^(5)+8 host cadaver capsules,the population number of the two entomopathogenic nematode was the same trend in one year,and the population number of S.feltiae 0619 HT in the field was significantly higher than H.megidis 0627M.The populations of two entomopathogenic nematodes peaked in April.About over-wintering,H.megidis 0627M mainly depth was 0~10 cm and S.feltiae 0619HT's depth was 11~20 cm in soil.And the overwintering viability of H.feltiae 0619HT was significantly higher than H.megidis 0627M's because the population of H.feltiae 0619HT was significantly bigger than that of H.megidis 0627M through the winter.The depth of H.megidis 0627M and S.feltiae 0619HT over-summering mainly were 11~20 cm in soil,while the number of over-summering populations of S.feltiae 0619HT was significantly more than that of H.megdis 0627 M's.【Conclusion】Under the suspension application method of 3×10^(5)+8 host cadaver capsules,both H.megidis 0627 M and S.feltiae 0619H can establish stable populations in the field after application and can safely over-wintering and over-summering.And S.feltiae 0619 HT was more suitable to live in the

关 键 词：昆虫病原线虫 施用方式 土壤深度 越冬越夏 田间种群消长 

分 类 号：S763.16[农业科学—森林保护学]