建兰大青花朵脂肪酸类物质萃取条件优化及成分分析  

Optimization of extraction conditions and chemical composition analysis of Cymbidium ensifolium Daqing flowers fatty acids

作　　者：郑燕 刘舒雅 曹映辉 童妍 赵凯 彭东辉[1,2] 周育真 ZHENG Yan;LIU Shuya;CAO Yinghui;TONG Yan;ZHAO Kai;PENG Donghui;ZHOU Yuzhen(College of Landscape Architecture,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization,Fuzhou 350002,China;College of Life Sciences,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350117,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学园林学院,福建福州350002 [2]兰科植物保护与利用国家林业与草原局重点试验室,福建福州350002 [3]福建师范大学生命科学学院,福建福州350117

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2021年第6期127-132,141,共7页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD1000406);福建省自然科学基金项目(2019J01411);福建农林大学校优秀硕士论文基金项目(1122YS01006)。

摘　　要：【目的】探索建兰大青(Cymbidium ensifoliumDaqing)花朵脂肪酸类物质提取的最适条件,分析其花朵的内源物质成分.【方法】通过单因素试验和正交试验探究料液比、萃取温度和萃取时间3个因素对大青花朵脂肪酸类物质提取率的影响,采用气相色谱质谱联用仪(gas chromatography-mass spectrometer,GC-MS)检测建兰大青花朵内源物质成分.【结果】料液比1∶2,萃取温度30℃,萃取时间20 min为建兰大青花脂肪酸类物质成分提取的最适条件组合,提取量为97.87μg/g.建兰大青花朵的物质成分主要为酯类、烷烃类、醇类和萜烯类等.脂肪酸类物质占累计检出化合物的93.07%,其中亚麻酸甲酯相对含量最高,为39.56%,其次为烷烃类,占累计检出化合物的5.38%.【结论】筛选出了建兰大青花朵脂肪酸类物质提取的最佳条件组合,检测结果表明建兰大青花朵内源物质的主要成分为亚麻酸等脂肪酸类物质.【Objective】The study aimed to screen the best conditions for extracting fatty acids from Cymbidium ensifolium Daqing flowers and analyze the endogenous compounds in C.ensifolium DaQing flowers.【Method】The effects of three factors(i.e.,liquid to solid ratio,extraction temperature and extraction time)on the extraction rate of flower fatty acids were studied by single factor experiments and orthogonal experiments,meanwhile,the endogenous components of Jianlan's Daqing flowers were tested by GC-MS.【Result】The optimal extraction conditions were solid to liquid ratio of 1∶2,extraction temperature of 30℃ and extraction time of 20 min,and the extract content was 97.87μg/g under these conditions.The chemical components of C.ensifolium Daqing flowers were mainly esters,alkanes,alcohols,and terpenes.Fatty acids accounted for 93.07% of the total detected compounds,of which Methyl Linolenate had the highest relative content at 39.56%,followed by alkanes,which accounted for 5.38% of the total detected compounds.【Conclusion】In the study,the best combination of conditions for the extraction of fatty acids from C.ensifolium DaQing flowers was screened out,and the main components of the endogenous compounds in the flowers were analyzed,which was fatty acids such as linolenic acid.

关 键 词：建兰 脂肪酸类 溶剂萃取法 GC-MS 

分 类 号：S682.31[农业科学—观赏园艺]