黑绒鳃金龟染色体核型研究  

Studies on the Chromosomal Karyotype of Maladera orientalis

作　　者：姜晓静[1] 伍和平 曲春娟 焦坤[1] 曲明静[1] 任艳[1] 鞠倩[1] JIANG Xiao-jing;WU He-ping;QU Chun-juan;JIAO Kun;QU Ming-jing;REN Yan;JU Qian(Shandong Peanut Research Institute,Qingdao 266100,China;Technology Center of Huizhou Customs House,Huizhou 516001,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省花生研究所,山东青岛266100 [2]惠州海关综合技术中心,广东惠州516001

出　　处：《花生学报》2022年第1期72-77,共6页Journal of Peanut Science

基　　金：山东省农业科学院创新工程(CXGC2021A38,CXGC2021A42,CXGC2021A46);国家花生产业体系(CARS-13)。

摘　　要：鞘翅目是一个物种丰富的昆虫类群,其中仅有0.286%的物种通过常规细胞遗传学分析确定了染色体核型。黑绒鳃金龟是我国分布广、为害重的农林业害虫。本研究以黑绒鳃金龟精巢为材料,采用秋水仙素—低渗—卡宝品红染色直接制片法对其精母细胞减数分裂中期Ⅰ和Ⅱ进行了观察。结果表明,黑绒鳃金龟的染色体数目2n=20(9+Xy_(p)),性别决定机制为Xy_(p),染色体相对长度最大为12.88±0.13,最小为2.85±0.13,核型公式为2n=16m+4sm(♀),2n=15m+4sm+t(♂)。同时,本文提供一种快速简便的金龟子染色体核型鉴定方法。Coleoptera is an order with abundant number of insect species, only 0.286% of which have been studied on the karyotypes by conventional cytogenetic techniques. Maladera orientalis Motschulsky(Coleoptera: Melolonthidae), which distributes widely in China, is an important agricultural and forestry pest. In this study, the testis specimens were sampled from the male of Maladera orientalis and directly prepared into slides of metaphase chromosomes, and subjected to Carbol fuchsin staining for investigation. The results showed that Maladera orientalis has a diploid number of 2n=20(9+Xy_(p)), an Xy_(p)sex determination mechanism, with the longest relative chromosome length as 12.88±0.13 and the shortest relative chromosome length as 2.85±0.13, the karyotype formula with 2n=16 m+4 sm(♀) and 2n=15 m+4 sm+t(♂). Meanwhile, a quick and simple method on identification of beetle chromosomal karyotypes is introduced in this study.

关 键 词：鞘翅目 黑绒鳃金龟 染色体 核型 性别决定机制 

分 类 号：Q343.22[生物学—遗传学] S433.5[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]