《禁止传销条例》与计酬监管的改革路径  

“Regulations on Prohibition of Pyramid Sale”and Reform of Remuneration Supervision

作　　者：张翀 ZHANG Chong

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学人权研究院

出　　处：《四川警察学院学报》2022年第1期77-86,共10页Journal of Sichuan Police College

摘　　要：《禁止传销条例》不加区分地将具有上下线关系的团队计酬视为违法的传销方式之一,而司法解释又将形式上采取团队计酬方式,但实质上属于拉人头的传销活动,应视为犯罪。基于1242件涉传生效法律文书的实证分析表明:相比于诈骗型传销,法官对于经营型传销(有真实商品销售的团队计酬)量刑更轻,且该因素的影响力超过被告发展层级和人数等法定量刑情节。这说明法律规定与社会发展的脱节,使面临据法裁判压力的法官,只能通过自由裁量权在个案中对正义进行补救。为促进执法统一和司法公正,我们应借鉴域外经验,在立法上对计酬监管制度进行改革,包括:设定合理的拨出比例、修订完善《禁止传销条例》、探索推进网络直销立法。“Regulations on Prohibition of Pyramid Sale” indiscriminately regards team remuneration with updown relationships as one of the illegal pyramid sale methods,while the judicial interpretation regards the team remuneration in form which in essence is the pyramid sale activity attracting people as crime. The empirical analysis based on 1,242 valid legal documents shows that compared with fraudulent pyramid sale,judges give lighter sentences for business pyramid sale,that is,team remuneration with real product sales,and the influence of this factor exceeds statutory sentencing circumstances such as the level and the number of people developed by the defendants. It reflects that the legal provisions are not adapted to the social development,so that judges who face the pressure of adjudicating in accordance with the law can only remedy justice in individual cases through their discretion. Using overseas experience for reference,the remuneration supervision system should be reformed in legislation so as to promote law enforcement unification and judicial fairness,including setting a reasonable allocation ratio,amending and improving Regulations on Prohibition of Pyramid Sale,and promoting online direct selling legislation.

关 键 词：电子商务 经营型传销 诈骗型传销 实证分析 

分 类 号：D924[政治法律—刑法学]