干旱绿洲区微喷灌枣园蒸散量时空尺度转换研究  

Temporal and spatial scale transformation of evapotranspiration of jujube orchard under micro sprinkler irrigation in arid oasis

作　　者：张洋 马英杰[1] ZHANG Yang;MA Yingjie(College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052, China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2022年第2期102-110,共9页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52069027);邓铭江院士工作站基金项目(2020.D-003);新疆高校科研计划项目(XJEDU2017T004)。

摘　　要：为探究干旱绿洲区不同时空尺度单棵枣树蒸散量向枣园尺度蒸散量的转换关系,通过涡度系统、茎流计和微型蒸渗仪对枣园蒸散量、枣树蒸腾量和土壤蒸发量进行了监测。通过对茎流系统与涡度系统测量的不同时间、空间尺度的枣园蒸散量进行分析,分析从点(枣树)尺度蒸散量向面(枣园)尺度蒸散量的转换关系得出:(1)全生育期蒸腾量为403.2 mm,占蒸散量的75%,各生育期的蒸腾量占比蒸散量的大小依次为成熟期>果实膨大期>花期>萌芽展叶期;(2)日尺度与灌水周期尺度下茎流系统和涡度系统测定枣园蒸散量的线性回归方程分别为:Y=0.964X,R^(2)=0.674,NSE=0.67,RSR=0.57;Y=0.965X,R^(2)=0.832,NSE=0.78,RSR=0.47;(3)茎流系统与涡度系统测得蒸散量的总差值为4.98 mm,差值占比0.93%。因此,茎流系统在不同时空尺度下测量的枣树蒸散量与涡度系统测量的枣园蒸散量均有较好的相关性,茎流系统测定的单棵枣树蒸散量能够向枣园尺度蒸散量转换。The purpose of this study was to explore the transformation of single jujube tree evapotranspiration to jujube orchard evapotranspiration in different spatial and temporal scales in arid oasis area.In this experiment,the evapotranspiration of jujube orchard,jujube tree and soil evaporation were monitored by eddy covariance system,stem flow meter and micro lysimeter.Based on the analysis of evapotranspiration of jujube orchard measured by stem flow system and eddy covariance system in different time and space scales,the transformation relationship from point(jujube tree)scale evapotranspiration to surface(jujube orchard)scale evapotranspiration was revealed.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The transpiration of the whole growth period was 403.2 mm,accounting for 75%of the total evapotranspiration.The order of the transpiration of each growth period was fruit maturity>fruit enlargement>flowering>leaf bud stage.(2)The linear regression equations of stem flow system and eddy covariance system for measuring evapotranspiration of jujube orchard under daily scale and irrigation cycle scale were Y=0.964X,R^(2)=0.674,NSE=0.67,RSR=0.57;Y=0.965X,R^(2)=0.832,NSE=0.78,RSR=0.47.(3)The total difference of evapotranspiration between stem flow system and eddy covariance system was 4.98 mm,accounting for 0.93%.In summary,the jujube evapotranspiration measured by stem flow system in different spatial and temporal scales had a good correlation with the jujube orchard evapotranspiration measured by eddy covariance system,and the single jujube tree evapotranspiration measured by stem flow system could be converted to the jujube orchard scale evapotranspiration.

关 键 词：枣园 蒸散量 土壤蒸发量 茎流 涡度 喷灌 

分 类 号：S161.4[农业科学—农业气象学] S665.1[农业科学—农业基础科学]