圆叶决明添加量对红壤可溶性氮及酶活性的影响  

Effects of Additions of Chamaecrista rotundifolia on the Soluble Nitrogen and Enzyme Activity of red soil

作　　者：钟珍梅[1,4] 杨庆 游小凤[1,4] 邢世和 ZHONG Zhen-mei;YANG Qing;YOU Xiao-feng;XING Shi-he(Agricultural Ecological Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350013, China;College of Resource and Environmental Science, Fujian agriculture and forest university, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350002, China;Shijiazhuang Branch Center of National Center for Soybean Improvement, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050035, China;Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Hilly Prataculture, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350013, China)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院农业生态研究所,福建福州350013 [2]福建农林大学资源环境学院,福建福州350002 [3]河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所,河北石家庄050035 [4]福建省丘陵草业工程技术研究中心,福建福州350013

出　　处：《草地学报》2022年第3期622-630,共9页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：福建省农业高质量发展超越“5511”协同创新工程项目(XTCXGC2021010);国家绿肥产业技术体系(CARS-22)共同资助。

摘　　要：为了探明圆叶决明(Chamaecrista rotundifolia)降解后红壤可溶性氮及氮水解酶活性的变化规律,本研究采用室内好气恒湿培养法,研究占红壤质量0.5%(T1),1%(T2)和2%(T3)的圆叶决明添加至红壤中,培养7~88 d内红壤硝态氮(NO_(3)-N)、铵态氮(NH_(4)^(+)-N)和可溶性有机氮(Soluble organic nitrogen,SON)及脲酶、蛋白酶和天冬酰胺酶的变化。结果表明:添加圆叶决明后,红壤NO_(3)-N和NH_(4)^(+)-N含量在培养前期降低,培养中期增加;而整个培养期SON含量及脲酶、蛋白酶和天冬酰胺酶活性均增加,且圆叶决明添加量越大,效果越显著。NO_(3)-N和SON含量及脲酶、蛋白酶和天冬酰胺酶活性可用2次或3次函数方程拟合;而NH_(4)^(+)-N含量可用线性函数拟合。氮水解酶与NO_(3)-N负相关,与NH_(4)^(+)-N和SON正相关,且相关性从大到小的顺序为蛋白酶>天冬酰胺酶>脲酶。综上,添加圆叶决明提高了红壤供氮水平和红壤氮转化能力。To evaluate the changes of soluble nitrogen and nitrogen hydrolase activities during the decomposition of Chamaecrista rotundifolia in orchard Red soil,4 different rates(T0-T3)of C.rotundifolia dried biomass were added to orchard Red soil and left to decompose for 7-88 days,the concentrations of NO_(3)^(-)-N,NH_(4)^(+)-N,soluble organic nitrogen(SON)and urease,protease and asparaginase activities in soils were determined along this incubation experiment.The results showed that,the addition of dried biomass decreased NO_(3)^(-)-N and NH_(4)^(+)-N concentrations in early stage,and increased in middle stage.The decomposition of C.rotundifolia dried biomass increased SON concentrations and urease,protease and asparaginase activities,and the greater amount of C.rotundifolia added,the more significant the effect on soluble nitrogen and nitrogen hydrolase activities.The NO_(3)^(-)-N and SON concentrations and urease,protease and asparaginase activities can be fitted by quadratic or cubic function equation,and NH_(4)^(+)-N concentrations can be fitted by linear function equation.Nitrogen hydrolase was negatively correlated with NO_(3)^(-)-N,and positively correlated with NH_(4)^(+)-N and SON;and the order of correlation was protease>asparaginase>urease.In conclusion,the addition of C.rotundifolia can improve the nitrogen supply and nitrogen transformation capacity of Red soil.

关 键 词：圆叶决明 可溶性有机氮 硝态氮 铵态氮 氮水解酶 红壤 

分 类 号：Q556[生物学—生物化学]