对生产价格理论前提假设的诠释与完善  

Explanation and Improvement of the Premises of the Theory of Production Price

作　　者：林铨 黄瑾[1] LIN Quan;HUANG Jin(School of Economics, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350117, China)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学经济学院,福建福州350117

出　　处：《闽江学院学报》2022年第1期23-32,共10页Journal of Minjiang University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(19BJL006)。

摘　　要：马克思的生产价格理论有许多简化了的前提,如各部门剩余价值率相等、资本一年周转一次等,导致其结果常与实际情况不相适应,这些前提也因此遭到学者的质疑。但如果能正确区分剩余价值在部门内与部门间的不同表现,并正确认识剩余价值率有相等的趋势,就能发现剩余价值率相等的假设是合理的;如果考虑资本周转,资本从有机构成高的部门流向有机构成低的部门的规律是不成立的。特别地,当固定资本折旧时间足够久或流动资本周转速度足够快时,有机构成高的部门拥有利润优势。The theory of production price is based on some simplified premise,such as the ratio of surplus value is equal in all departments and capital turnover once a year,which leads to the result of the theory often do not adapt to the actual situation.As a result,these premise have often been questioned by scholars.However,if we can correctly distinguish the different performance of surplus value within and between departments,and correctly understand the equal trend of surplus value rate,we can find that the assumption of equal surplus value rate is reasonable.In addition,if capital turnover is taken into account,the rule that capital flows from sectors with high organic capital composition to those with low organic capital composition is not valid.In particular,when fixed capital is depreciated long enough or working capital turnover is fast enough,the sectors with high organic capital composition have a profit advantage.

关 键 词：生产价格理论 前提假设 利润率 剩余价值率 资本周转 固定资本 

分 类 号：A81[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学] F031[经济管理—政治经济学]