专科护士介入的骨折预防计划在骨质疏松病人社区管理中的实践  

Practice of fracture prevention plan by specialist nurses in community management of osteoporosis patients

作　　者：杨月楼[1] 马海璇 龙英[1] 潘晓宇[1] YANG Yuelou;MA Haixuan;LONG Ying;PAN Xiaoyu(The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University,Qingyuan People′s Hospital,Guangdong 511500 China)

机构地区：[1]广州医科大学附属第六医院清远市人民医院,511500

出　　处：《全科护理》2022年第9期1187-1192,共6页Chinese General Practice Nursing

基　　金：清远市科技局项目,编号:190909104568366。

摘　　要：目的:探讨专科护士介入的骨折预防计划(FPP)在骨质疏松(OP)病人社区管理中的应用及效果。方法:自2019年1月—2019年5月招募广东医科大学附属第六医院辐射社区OP病人为研究对象,其中对照组130例,研究组130例;对照组实施常规管理模式,研究组由OP专科护士介入FPP计划,与社区护士协同完成OP病人的社区管理,干预时间为2年。比较两组OP病人的失访率、骨密度(BMD)及骨折发生率、骨质疏松健康信念量表(OHBS)得分及生活质量(SF-36)得分。结果:研究组干预2年后的BMD高于同期对照组(P<0.05),骨折发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组干预2年后的OHBS易感性、严重性、补钙益处、运动益处、摄钙障碍、运动障碍、健康动机维度得分及总健康信念得分高于干预前及同期对照组(P<0.05)。研究组干预2年后的SF-36量表生理功能(PF)、躯体疼痛(BP)、总体健康(GH)、活力(VT)、社会功能(SF)维度得分高于同期对照组(P<0.05)。结论:专科护士介入的FPP可提升OP病人的BMD,降低骨折发生率,增强健康信念,提高生活质量。Objective:To explore the application and efficacy of the fracture prevention plan(FPP) by specialist nurses in community management of osteoporosis patients(OP).Methods:From January 2019 to May 2019,OP patients in radiation community of the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University were recruited as the research subjects, including 130 patients in the control group and 130 patients in the study group.The control group was implemented the routine management model.The study group was involved in the FPP plan by OP specialist nurses, and coordinated with community nurses to complete the community management of OP patients.The intervention lasted for 2 years.The loss to follow-up rate, bone mineral density(BMD) and fracture rate, Osteoporosis Health Belief Scale(OHBS) score and quality of life(SF-36) score of OP patients in 2 groups were compared.Results:The BMD after 2 years of intervention of the study group was higher than that of the control group at the same period(P<0.05),and the fracture rate was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).The susceptibility, severity, benefit of calcium supplement, benefit of exercise, calcium intake disorder, exercise disorder, health motivation dimension score and total health belief score of the study group after 2 years of intervention were higher than those of the control group before and at the same period(P<0.05).The scores of physical functioning(PF),bodily pain(BP),general health(GH),vitality(VT) and social functioning(SF) of the study group after 2 years of intervention were higher than those of the control group at the same period(P<0.05).Conclusions:The fracture prevention plan by specialist nurses can increase the BMD of OP patients, reduce the incidence of fractures, and improve health beliefs and quality of life.

关 键 词：专科护士 骨折预防计划 骨质疏松 社区管理 骨密度 骨折 健康信念 生活质量 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]