露天矿极薄上覆泥夹岩爆破方法探究  

Exploration on Blasting Methods of Extra-thin Overlying Mud-stone Interlayer in Open-pit Mine

作　　者：卢子冬 宋晓鸣 罗忠庆 LU Zidong;SONG Xiaoming;LUO Zhongqing(Shanxi Tonde Blasting Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Xinzhou 034000,China)

机构地区：[1]山西同德爆破工程有限责任公司,山西忻州034000

出　　处：《山西煤炭》2022年第1期63-67,共5页Shanxi Coal

摘　　要：露天矿上覆泥夹岩因其厚度薄、埋藏浅、上下泥土夹制等特点,在矿山推进过程中爆破剥离质量极差,严重影响到矿山推进速度。在山煤集团河曲旧县露天煤业有限公司首采区遇到的泥夹岩层剥离工程中分别运用间隔装药爆破法、药壶爆破法、小孔径炮孔分层爆破法和底部垫层药壶爆破法4种特殊爆破方法,并分别与传统钻爆法爆破效果在爆后泥夹岩大块率、施工速度、人工作业强度等方面进行对比,得出以下结论:间隔装药爆破法因爆轰波作用时间短,无法取得理想的泥夹岩层破碎效果;小孔径分层爆破法效果理想,但速度慢,人工作业强度大;底部留有泥夹岩垫层的药壶法破碎治理效果最佳。Characteristic of thin thickness and shallow burial and trapped by soil,overlying mud-stone interlayer in the open-pit mine caused extremely poor peeling quality,which seriously affected the advancing speed of the mine.Four blasting methods,namely interval charging blasting,springing blasting,small-aperture layered blasting,and bottom cushion springing blasting,were used in the stripping project of the mud and stone interlayers in the first mining area of Hequ Jiuxian Open-pit Coal Mine.Their blasting effect was compared with the traditional drill-blasting method in terms of the proportion of large blocks of mud-stone,construction speed,and labor intensity.The results show that the interval charging blasting cannot achieve the ideal effect due to the short action time of the detonation wave;the small-aperture layered blasting shows ideal effect,but it is slow in construction and intense in labor;the springing blasting with bottom cushion has the best control effect.

关 键 词：露天矿 泥夹岩 药壶爆破 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]