微细铣刀位姿同轴全息重建方法  

Coaxial holographic reconstruction method of micro-milling tool pose

作　　者：孙艺洋 许金凯[1] 于占江[1] 张向辉[1] 程亚亚 于化东[1] SUN Yi-yang;XU Jin-kai;YU Zhan-jiang;ZHANG Xiang-hui;CHENG Ya-ya;YU Hua-dong(Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing,Changchun University of Science and Technology,Changchun 130022,China)

机构地区：[1]长春理工大学跨尺度微纳制造教育部重点实验室,吉林长春130022

出　　处：《中国光学》2022年第2期355-363,共9页Chinese Optics

基　　金：吉林省重点研发项目(No.20210201112GX);国家重点研发计划项目(No.2018YFB1107403);中国“111”计划项目(No.D17017);吉林省科技发展计划项目(No.20190101005JH,No.20180201057GX)。

摘　　要：微细铣刀在主轴上存在装夹偏角时,会加剧刀刃磨损,降低刀具使用寿命。为了精确观测微细铣刀在机倾斜状态,提出了基于景深的微细铣刀三维位姿重建方法。利用激光同轴数字全息实验装置得到微细铣刀全息图,并通过菲涅尔再现算法获得再现像。在再现像中提取刀具边缘点作为关键点,采用小波变换局部方差算子求出关键点的聚焦程度,确定铣刀对应的轴向位置。利用最小二乘法对关键点拟合修正重建误差,实现微细铣刀的三维位姿重建。实验结果表明,基于景深的微细铣刀三维位姿重建方法获得的微细铣刀重建误差优于0.1°。该方法能够精确测量微细铣刀三维位姿,可为后续的微细铣刀装夹精度修正提供参考依据。When a micro-milling tool has a clamping angle on its spindle,the wear of the tool edge will ac-celerate and shorten the tool’s lifespan.In order to accurately observe the inclination state of the micro-milling tool on the machine,a three-dimensional pose reconstruction method based on the depth of field of a micro-milling tool is proposed.The laser coaxial digital holographic experimental device is used to obtain the micro-milling tool hologram,and the reconstruction image is obtained through the Fresnel reconstruction al-gorithm.The tool edge points are extracted as the key points in the reconstruction image,the wavelet trans-form local variance operator is used to obtain the degree of focus of the key points,and then the axial posi-tion corresponding to the milling tool is determined.The least square method is used to fit the key points and correct the reconstruction error,from which the three-dimensional pose reconstruction of the micro-milling tool is realized.The experimental results show that the reconstruction error of the micro-milling tool ob-tained by the three-dimensional pose reconstruction method is better than 0.1°.This method can accurately measure a three-dimensional pose of a micro-milling tool,which can provide a reference for the subsequent correction of micro-milling tool clamping accuracy.

关 键 词：数字全息 微细铣刀 聚焦评价算子 景深 三维重建 

分 类 号：O438.1[机械工程—光学工程]