山东方言中的[c]类声母  

The[c]Initials in Shandong Dialect

作　　者：林珈亦[1] Lin Jiayi(School of Literature,Shandong University,Ji’nan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学文学院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《现代语文》2022年第3期24-29,共6页Modern Chinese

摘　　要：在鲁东地区,有部分方言点的见晓组细音字声母今读成舌面中音,旧语料多记为[c]类,同时在音系说明中指出实为舌面中塞擦音。鲁东地区46个区县的实地调查结果显示,这些[c]类声母的音值在各地并不完全一致,而是存在变体;但不同变体之间并没有明确界线,在发音部位前后、摩擦度强弱和接触面大小方面存在连续统。通过测算各点[c]类声母的时长,结合听感及语图表现,[c]类又可以细分为接近塞擦音[tɕ]类的[cɕ]类和接近塞音[k]类的[ck]类,这种共时层面的音值差异反映出见组细音字的腭化进程。其中,[ck]类的分布围相对较窄,主要集中在偏僻的东北部沿海地区,代表腭化过程的起始阶段;而[cɕ]类的相对位置更偏西南,腭化音变几乎已经完成。in the Eastern Shandong dialect,the Jian-Xiao-group(见晓组)of initial spelled with the front-open vowels are pronounced as palatal sounds,and the old corpus is mostly recorded as[c]group,at the same time,it is pointed out in the phonological explanation that they are actually lingual fricatives.After a field survey of 46 districts and counties in the east of Shandong Province,we found that the phonetic values of these[c]initials are not completely consistent in different places,there are many allophones.However,there is no clear boundary between different variants,and there is a continuum in the points of articuluation,the intensity and contact surface size.By measuring the duration of[c]initials in different dialects,combined with the sense of hearing and sound spectrogram,we further divide[c]into[cɕ]which is close to the affricate[tɕ]group and[ck]which is close to the plosive[k]group.The phonological value difference at the synchronic level reflects the palatalization process of the syllable words.The distribution of[ck]is relatively narrow,mainly concentrated in the remote northeast coastal areas,representing the initial stage of palatalization.While the distribution of[cɕ]is in the southwest of the concentration area of[ck],and the palatal transliteration is almost completed.

关 键 词：山东方言 [c]类 腭化 见晓组 

分 类 号：H172.1[语言文字—汉语]