不同砧木对普通型和短枝型‘富士’苹果树体生长生理特性和果实品质的影响  

Effect of Different Rootstocks on the Growth,Physiological Characteristics and Fruit Quality of Common and Short Branch‘Fuji’Apple Trees

作　　者：马利萍 李凯 杨天一 张满让[1] MA Liping;LI Kai;YANG Tianyi;ZHANG Manrang(College of Horticulture,Northwest A&F University,Shaanxi Province,Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《果树资源学报》2022年第2期27-31,共5页Journal of Fruit Resources

基　　金：国家现代苹果产业技术体系(CARS-27)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究不同砧木对普通型和短枝型“富士”苹果树生长和结果的影响,为千阳区域筛选适宜的砧穗组合给予借鉴。【方法】以‘长富2号’和‘礼泉短富’搭配不同栽培类型的砧木为研究对象,测定其树体生长势、果实品质以及产量等生理指标,同时借助模糊数学MF(隶属函数)法全面评估4个品种的果实品质。【结果】在千阳区域的矮化高密度种植环境下,M26中间砧苹果树的树势优于T337自根砧,由综合评价值和排名可知,就果实品质而言,T337自根砧组合较M26中间砧更具优势,品质由高至低的排序是礼泉短富/T337、礼泉短富/M26/新疆野苹果、长富2号/T337、长富2号/M26/新疆野苹果。综合分析,千阳地区适宜的砧穗组合以‘礼泉短富/T337’栽植效果最佳。【Objective】To investigate the effects of different rootstocks on the growth and fruiting of common and short branch“Fuji”apple trees,and to provide a reference basis for screening suitable rootstock-scion combinations in the Qianyangregion.【Method】Taking‘Nagafu No.2’and‘LiquanFuji’with rootstocks of different cultivation types as the research object,and the physiological indexes of tree growth potential,fruit quality and yield were measured,and the fruit quality of the four varieties were comprehensively analyzed by the fuzzy mathematical MF(subordinate function)method.【Results】The results showed that intermediate rootstock M26 apple trees had better tree potential than self-rooted rootstock T337 under dwarf high-density cultivation conditions in Qianyang region,and the overall evaluation value and ranking showed that self-rooted rootstock T337 combination was more advantageous than intermediate rootstock M26 in terms of fruit quality.The quality of the apples was ranked from Liquan Fuji/T337,Liquan Fuji/M26/M.sieversii,Nagafu No.2/T337,Nagafu No.2/M26/M.sieversii.In a comprehensive analysis,the best rootstock-scion combinations for the Qianyang region is‘Liquan Fuji/T337’.

关 键 词：富士苹果 自根砧 中间砧 果实品质 隶属函数 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]