玉米单倍体育种技术研究进展及展望  

Research Progress in Double Haploid Breeding Technology of Maize

作　　者：佘奎军[1] 刘艳妮[2] 程晋龙[1] 杨国虎[1] She Kuijun;Liu Yanni;Cheng Jinlong;Yang Guohu(Crops Institute,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750002;Yinchuan University of Energy,Yongning,Ningxia 750105)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院农作物研究所,宁夏银川750002 [2]银川能源学院,宁夏永宁750105

出　　处：《宁夏农林科技》2021年第10期25-30,共6页Journal of Ningxia Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：宁夏农林科学院自主研发项目(DWHZC-2017007)。

摘　　要：玉米是重要的粮食、饲料作物,以及医药、工业原料。选育优质高产的玉米杂交种对保障粮食安全,推动畜牧业的发展和保障工业原料的持续供给具有非常重要的作用。单倍体育种技术是利用诱导系诱导产生孤雌生殖单倍体,单倍体加倍后可以快速获得纯系。利用该技术可加快玉米自交系选育进程,提高选育效率。文章阐述了单倍体育种的关键技术,包括单倍体诱导系的选育、单倍体诱导的机理、影响单倍体诱导率的因素、单倍体的鉴定方法、单倍体加倍的条件,分析了单倍体育种技术存在的问题,展望了玉米单倍体育种技术应用前景。Corn is a major cereal crop,forage crop medicine industrial raw material in the world.Breeding excellent maize hybrids with high quality and high yield is extremely important for ensuring food security and improving people's living standard.Haploid breeding technology is to induce parthenogenetic haploid by induction line,and the pure line can be obtained in two generations,which can greatly shorten the breeding cycle.In this paper,key points of double haploid breeding technology were elaborated,including selecting of maize haploid inducer lines and mechanism of haploid inducement,factors affecting the induction rate,identification methods of double haploid and conditions of double haploid doubling;the problems of double haploid breeding technology were analyzed;and application prospects of double haploid breeding technology were summarized.

关 键 词：玉米 单倍体育种技术 诱导系 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]