奶牛对不同糟渣类饲料营养成分的瘤胃降解率和小肠消化率对比研究  

Comparative Study on Rumen Degradation Rates and Small Intestinal Digestibilities of Nutrients of Different Residue Feeds of Dairy Cows

作　　者：王敬林 魏元浩 赵国琦[1,2] 无 WANG Jinglin;WEI Yuanhao;ZHAO Guoqi;无(College of Animal Science and Technology,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China;Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China;Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,扬州225009 [2]扬州大学农业科技发展研究院,扬州225009 [3]扬州大学教育部农业与农产品安全国际合作联合实验室,扬州225009

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2022年第3期1592-1603,共12页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-36);国家自然科学基金项目(31972589);重点研发子课题奶牛饲草饲料型TMR。

摘　　要：本试验旨在对比奶牛对不同糟渣类饲料(玉米酒糟、高粱酒糟、醋糟、糖糟、啤酒糟)的营养成分瘤胃降解率和小肠消化率。选用3只装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的中国荷斯坦奶牛,用尼龙袋法测定干物质(DM)、粗蛋白质(CP)、必需氨基酸(EAA)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)在不同时间点的瘤胃降解率和小肠消化率。结果表明:1)玉米酒糟、啤酒糟、糖糟中CP含量显著高于高粱酒糟、醋糟(P<0.05),醋糟中NDF、ADF含量显著高于其他4种糟渣类饲料(P<0.05),玉米酒糟中蛋氨酸(Met)含量均显著高于其他4种糟渣类饲料(P<0.05),玉米酒糟、糖糟中赖氨酸(Lys)含量均显著高于其他3种糟渣类饲料(P<0.05)。2)玉米酒糟、啤酒糟、糖糟的DM有效降解率显著高于其他2种糟渣类饲料(P<0.05);玉米酒糟、糖糟的CP有效降解率显著高于其他3种糟渣类饲料(P<0.05);啤酒糟的Met瘤胃降解率显著高于高粱酒糟和醋糟(P<0.05);醋糟的NDF和ADF有效降解率最高,且NDF显著有效降解率高于高粱酒糟和糖糟(P<0.05);糖糟的NDF和ADF瘤胃降解率最低,且ADF瘤胃降解率显著低于其他4种糟渣类饲料(P<0.05)。3)玉米酒糟、糖糟、啤酒糟的过瘤胃CP小肠消化率差异不显著(P>0.05),但高于其他2种糟渣类饲料。玉米酒糟、糖糟、啤酒糟的Met、Lys小肠消化率差异不显著(P>0.05),但Lys小肠消化率显著高于高粱酒糟和醋糟(P<0.05),Met小肠消化率显著高于高粱酒糟(P<0.05)。综上所述,糖糟、啤酒糟的瘤胃降解率和小肠消化率与玉米酒糟相近,在一定程度上可替代玉米酒糟作为糟渣类蛋白质饲料。The purpose of this experiment was to compare the rumen degradation rates and small intestinal digestibilities of nutrients of different residue feeds(corn distiller’s grains,sorghum distiller’s grains,vinegar less,sugar grains and beer grains). Three Chinese Holstein cows with permanent rumen fistula were selected,and using the nylon bag method to determine the rumen degradation rates and small intestinal digestibilities of dry matter(DM),crude protein(CP),essential amino acids(EAA),neutral detergent fiber(NDF)and acid detergent fiber(ADF)at different time points. The results showed as follows:1)the content of CP in corn distiller’s grains,beer grains and sugar grains was significantly higher than that in sorghum distiller’s grains and vinegar less(P<0.05),the contents of NDF and ADF of vinegar lees were significantly higher than those in other four kinds of residue feeds(P<0.05),the content of methionine(Met)in corn distiller’s grains was significantly higher than that in other four kinds of residue feeds(P <0.05),and the content of lysine(Lys)in corn distiller’s grains and sugar grains was significantly higher than that in the other three kinds of residue feeds(P<0.05). 2)The DM effective degradation rate of corn distiller’s grains,beer grains and sugar grains was significantly higher than that of the other two kinds of residue feeds(P<0.05);the CP effective degradation rate of corn distiller’s grains and sugar grains was significantly higher than that of the other three kinds of residue feeds(P<0.05);the Met rumen degradation rate of beer grains was significantly higher than that of sorghum distiller’s grains and vinegar less(P<0.05);the effective degradation rates of NDF and ADF of vinegar lees were the highest,and the NDF effective degradation rate was significantly higher than that of sorghum distiller’s grains and sugar grains(P<0.05);the effective degradation rates of NDF and ADF of sugar grains were the lowest,and the ADF effective degradation rate was significantly lower than that o

关 键 词：糟渣 瘤胃降解率 小肠消化率 尼龙袋 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]