甘蔗糖蜜酵母发酵浓缩液对泌乳奶牛瘤胃发酵参数和微生物区系的影响  

Effects of Condensed Molasses Fermentation Solubles from Saccharomyces cerevisiae on Rumen Fermentation Parameters and Microflora of Lactating Dairy Cows

作　　者：张宜辉 宁丽丽 武小姣 郭静[2] 张笑然 赵国琦[2,4,5] ZHANG Yihui;NING Lili;WU Xiaojiao;GUO Jing;ZHANG Xiaoran;ZHAO Guoqi(Experimental Dairy Farm,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China;Guangxi Danbaoli Yeast Company,Laibin 546100,China;Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China;China Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学实验农牧场,扬州225009 [2]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,扬州225009 [3]广西丹宝利酵母有限公司,来宾546100 [4]扬州大学农业科技发展研究院,扬州225009 [5]扬州大学教育部农业与农产品安全国际合作联合实验室,扬州225009

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2022年第3期1604-1613,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31972589)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加甘蔗糖蜜酵母发酵浓缩液(CMS)对泌乳奶牛瘤胃发酵参数和瘤胃微生物区系的影响。试验选取60头体况、胎次、泌乳天数和产奶量相近的健康荷斯坦奶牛,随机分为4组,每组15头。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,在基础饲粮干物质基础上,遵循等能等氮原则配制分别添加1%、3%和5%CMS(CMS1组、CMS2组和CMS3组)的试验饲粮。预试期14 d,正试期54 d。结果显示:1)CMS1组的干物质采食量、产奶量、4%标准乳产量比对照组分别提高了6.0%、7.7%和7.9%(P>0.05)。2) CMS1组和CMS2组瘤胃液中微生物蛋白(MCP)含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。瘤胃液中氨态氮含量随着CMS添加量的增加而逐渐降低(P>0.05)。3)与对照组相比,CMS1组泌乳奶牛瘤胃液菌群多样性提高。4)门水平上,拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)为优势菌群。属水平上,普雷沃氏菌属(Prevotella)和琥珀酸菌属(Succiniclasticum)为优势菌属。结果提示,饲粮添加1%CMS更有利于泌乳奶牛的瘤胃发酵和产奶性能提高。The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of adding condensed molasses fermentation solubles from Saccharomyces cerevisiae(CMS)to the diet on rumen fermentation parameters and rumen microbiota of lactating dairy cows. Sixty healthy Holstein cows with similar body condition,litter size,lactation days and milk yield were randomly divided into four groups of 15 cows each. The control group was fed a basal diet and on the basis of this dry matter,diets with 1%,3% and 5% CMS(CMS1,CMS2 and CMS3 groups)were formulated following the principle of equal energy and equal nitrogen. The pre-feeding period was 14 d and the normal test period was 54 d. The results showed as follows:1)the dry matter intake,milk production and 4% FCM production of the CMS1 group were increased by 6.0%,7.7% and 7.9%,respectively compared with the control group(P>0.05). 2)Microbial protein(MCP)content of rumen fluid in the CMS1 and CMS2groups increased significantly compared with the control group after the addition of CMS(P<0.05). The ammoniacal nitrogen(NH3-N)content of rumen fluid decreased gradually with the increase of CMS addition(P>0.05). 3)The diversity of rumen fluid flora in the CMS1 group increased compared with the control group. 4)At the phylum level,Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were the dominant groups. At the genus level,Prevotella and Succiniclasticum were the dominant genera. The results suggest that the addition of 1% CMS to the diet is more beneficial to rumen fermentation and milking performance.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2022,34(3):1604-1613]

关 键 词：泌乳奶牛 甘蔗糖蜜酵母发酵浓缩液 瘤胃发酵 微生物区系 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]