不同添加量的植物水解单宁对秦川肉牛血清生化指标和瘤胃消化指标、瘤胃微生物区系的影响  

Effects of Different Addition Amounts of Plant Hydrolyzed Tannins on Serum Biochemical Indexes,Rumen Digestion Indexes and Rumen Microflora of Qinchuan Beef Cattle

作　　者：常玮学 杨英超 夏志军 赵春平[1] 梅楚刚 昝林森[1,2] CHANG Weixue;YANG Yingchao;XIA ZhijunZHAO Chunping;MEI Chugang;ZAN Linsen(Collage of Animal Science and Technology,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China;National Beef Cattle Improvement Center,Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,杨凌712100 [2]国家肉牛改良中心,杨凌712100

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2022年第3期1642-1654,共13页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0501700);国家肉牛牦牛产业技术体系建设(CARS-38);青海省科技成果转化专项(2018-NK-108);陕西省农业科技创新转化项目(NYKJ-2018-YL09)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在探究饲粮中添加植物水解单宁对秦川肉牛血清生化指标、瘤胃消化指标、瘤胃微生物区系的影响。选取20头健康状况良好、体重为(280±20)kg的秦川肉牛,随机分为5组,每组4头。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮中分别添加3.22、6.44、9.66、12.88 g/kg DM植物水解单宁,分别为试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组。预试期15 d,试验期30 d。结果表明:1)对照组血清中肌酐和尿酸的含量显著高于各试验组(P<0.05);试验Ⅲ、Ⅳ组血清中总蛋白含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05);试验Ⅳ组血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶的活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。2)各试验组瘤胃液中丙酸含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);对照组乙酸/丙酸(A/P)值显著高于试验Ⅲ组(P<0.05);各组间氨态氮含量无显著差异(P>0.05)。3)对照组ACE指数、Chao1指数均显著高于试验组(P<0.05);添加植物水解单宁后Shannon指数逐渐下降。拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门、变形菌门相对丰富度占总菌门的92%以上。添加植物水解单宁后,试验组拟杆菌门相对丰度显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而对照组厚壁菌门相对丰度显著高于试验组(P<0.05)。试验组瘤胃菌群中瘤胃球菌属相对丰度极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),F082_unclassified菌属相对丰度显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。对照组瘤胃液中理研菌科RC9肠道群、琥珀菌属、乙酸糖发酵菌属、瘤胃球菌科_NK4A214、克里斯滕森菌科R-7肠道群相对丰度均极显著高于试验组(P<0.01)。对照组中伯克氏菌群相对丰度显著高于试验组(P<0.05)。由此可知,添加植物水解单宁能够有效提高蛋白质的吸收,提高秦川牛免疫力,降低瘤胃中甲烷杆菌的相对丰度,从而减少甲烷产量。The purpose of this experiment was to explore the effects of plant hydrolyzed tannin on serum biochemical indexes,rumen digestion indexes and rumen microflora of Qinchuan beef cattle.Twenty healthy adults weighing(280±20)kg Qinchuan beef cattle were randomly divided into 5 groups with 4 replicates in each group.The control group was fed a basic diet,and the experimental groups was fed the basic diet with 3.22,6.44,9.66 and 12.88 g/kg DM of plant hydrolyzed tannin,which were divided into experimental groupsⅠ,Ⅱ,ⅢandⅣ,respectively.The pre-experiment lasted for 15 days and the experiment lasted for 30 days.The results showed as follows:1)the contents of creatinine and uric acid in serum in the control group were significantly higher than those in the experimental groups(P<0.05).The content of total protein in serum in experimental groupsⅣandⅢwas significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05).The activity of alanine aminotransferase in serum in experimental groupⅣwas significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).2)The content of propionic acid in rumen juice in the experimental groups was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The value of acetic acid/propionic acid(A/P)in the control group was the highest,which was significantly higher than that in experimental groupⅢ(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in ammonia nitrogen content among groups(P>0.05).3)ACE index and Chao1 index in the control group were significantly higher than those in the experimental groups(P<0.05);Shannon index decreased with the addition of plant hydrolyzed tannin.The relative abundance of Bacteroides,Firmicutes and Proteobacteria accounted for more than 92%of the total bacteria.After adding plant hydrolyzed tannin,the relative abundance of Bacteroides in the experimental groups was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),but the relative abundance of Firmicutes in the control group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The relati

关 键 词：植物水解单宁 秦川肉牛 血清生化指标 微生物区系 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]