香芹酚对肉兔生长性能、养分表观消化率、肠道消化酶活性、免疫器官发育及抗氧化能力的影响  

Effects of Carvacrol on Growth Performance,Nutrient Apparent Digestibilities,Intestinal Digestive Enzyme Activities,Immune Organ Development and Antioxidant Capacity of Meat Rabbits

作　　者：刘福鑫 孔繁根 王国洲 张伟 刘树栋[1] 陈赛娟[1,2,3] 陈宝江 LIU Fuxin;KONG Fangen;WANG Guozhou;ZHANG Wei;LIU Shudong;CHEN Saijuan;CHEN Baojiang(College of Animal Science and Technology,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China;Mountainous Area Research Institute of Hebei Province,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China;Agricultural Technology Innovation Center in Mountainous Areas of Hebei Province,Baoding 071001,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学动物科技学院,保定071001 [2]河北农业大学山区研究所,保定071001 [3]河北省山区农业技术创新中心,保定071001

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2022年第3期1875-1884,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家兔产业技术体系(CARS-43-B-2);河北省自然科学基金项目(C2020204186)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究香芹酚对肉兔生长性能、养分表观消化率、肠道消化酶活性、免疫器官发育及抗氧化能力的影响。选取120只35日龄体重相近的健康新西兰肉兔,随机分为4组,每组30个重复,每个重复1只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组(T1、T2、T3组)分别在基础饲粮中添加150、300和450 g/t香芹酚。预试期7 d,生长试验28 d,消化代谢试验7 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,T2组的平均日采食量显著降低(P<0.05),T1、T2和T3组的料重比有降低趋势(P=0.056),T1、T2和T3组的腹泻率均降低了3.34%(P>0.05)。2)各组之间的干物质(DM)、粗蛋白质(CP)、总能(GE)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)表观消化率均无显著差异(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,T1、T2和T3组的粗脂肪(EE)表观消化率显著提高(P<0.05),T2组的粗纤维(CF)表观消化率显著提高(P<0.05)。3)与对照组相比,T2和T3组的回肠胰蛋白酶活性显著提高(P<0.05),T1、T2和T3组的盲肠胰蛋白酶活性显著提高(P<0.05),T1的盲肠脂肪酶活性显著提高(P<0.05)。4)各组之间的胸腺指数、肝脏指数和脾脏指数均无显著差异(P>0.05),但T2和T3组的胸腺指数较对照组分别提高了50.00%和17.27%。5)与对照组相比,T1和T2组的空肠总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著提高(P<0.05),T1、T2和T3组的空肠谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著提高(P<0.05),T3组的肝脏GSH-Px活性显著提高(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加香芹酚可降低肉兔的腹泻率和料重比,提高肉兔对EE和CF表观消化率,增强部分消化酶的活性,在一定程度上提高胸腺指数,增强空肠和肝脏的抗氧化能力。本试验条件下,肉兔饲粮中香芹酚适宜添加水平为300 g/t。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of carvacrol on growth performance,nutrient apparent digestibilities,intestinal digestive enzyme activities,immune organ development and antioxidant capacity of meat rabbits.One hundred and twenty healthy 35-day-old New Zealand rabbits of similar body weight were randomly allocated to 4 groups with 30 replicates per group and 1 rabbit per replicate.Rabbits in the control group were fed a basal diet,while the others in experimental groups(T1,T2 and T3 groups)were fed the basal diet supplemented with 150,300 and 450 g/t carvacrol,respectively.The pre-feeding period lasted for 7 d followed by an experimental period of 28 d,and the digestion and metabolism test lasted for 7 d.The results showed as follows:1)compare with the control group,the average daily feed intake of T2 group was significantly decreased(P<0.05),the feed to gain ratio of T1,T2 and T3 groups was tend to decrease(P=0.056),and the mortality rate of T1,T2 and T3 groups was decreased by 3.34%(P>0.05).2)There were no significant differences in the apparent digestibilities of dry matter(DM),crude protein(CP),gross energy(GE)and acid detergent fiber(ADF)among all groups(P>0.05).Compare with the control group,the ether extract(EE)apparent digestibility of T1,T2 and T3 groups was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the crude fiber(CF)apparent digestibility of T2 group was significantly increased(P<0.05).3)Compare with the control group,the ileal trypsin activity of T2 and T3 groups was significantly increased(P<0.05),the cecal trypsin activity of T1,T2 and T3 groups was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the cecal lipase activity of T1 group was significantly increased(P<0.05).4)There were no significant differences in the thymus index,liver index and spleen index among all groups(P>0.05),but the thymus index of T2and T3 groups was increased by 50.00%and 17.27%compared with the control group.5)Compare with the control group,the jejunal total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)of T1 and T2 groups was significa

关 键 词：香芹酚 肉兔 生长性能 表观消化率 消化酶活性 免疫器官指数 抗氧化能力 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]