健康城市与疗愈环境  

Discourse on Healthy Cities and Healing Environments

作　　者：杜宏武[1] 李树华[2] 姜斌[3,4] 陈筝[5] 龙灏[6] 袁晓梅[1] DU Hongwu;LI Shuhua;JIANG Bin;CHEN Zheng;LONG Hao;YUAN Xiaomei

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学建筑学院、亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室 [2]清华大学建筑学院景观学系 [3]香港大学建筑系园境建筑学部 [4]香港大学城市环境与大众健康虚拟现实实验室 [5]高密度人居环境和生态节能教育部重点实验室、同济大学建筑与城市规划学院景观学系 [6]重庆大学建筑城规学院建筑系

出　　处：《南方建筑》2022年第3期1-8,共8页South Architecture

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划重点专项子课题“基于健康管理的适老住区环境宜居改善技术研究”项目资助,批准号:2017YFC0702905-03。

摘　　要：2016年10月,中共中央、国务院印发《“健康中国2030”规划纲要》,提出要“把健康融入城乡规划、建设、治理的全过程,促进城市与人民健康协调发展”。作为健康中国建设不可或缺的部分,疗愈环境对人类生理和心理健康的价值已得到多方面研究的证实,早期心理医学、康复医学的成果逐渐影响了风景园林、城市规划和建筑学。在当代高密度城市人居,尤其是2020年新冠疫情爆发以来,疗愈环境愈发凸显其重要价值。近年来学者们从不同层级蓝绿空间、自然元素等视角,拓展和深化了相关研究的内容,不断尝试运用新的实验手段,成果斐然。本刊编辑部以“健康城市与疗愈环境”为主题组织学术笔谈,邀请了六位不同背景的学者就疗愈环境议题做集中并各有侧重的探讨。李树华从城市尺度探讨绿色和健康的联系,认为城市是人类聚集和生活的场所,随着人类的进化不断发展。理想城市应当符合人类对美好生活的向往,既能满足生态可持续的绿色发展需求,也能提供有益人类健康的适宜人居环境。“绿康城市”论就是当今缓解“城市病”与“城市人群病”的理想模式之一,而日本东京城市中心“大手町之森”正是“绿康城市”论的实践先驱案例。基于人、自然和城市三者之间的关系,追溯欧美、日本与中国理想城市的发展历程,并对进行建设“绿康城市”实践时应坚持的原则与构成要素进行探讨。美国新冠病毒感染率呈现的显著种族差异反映出健康公义问题。姜斌等就此提出假设:绿色空间覆盖率更高的地区感染率种族差异会明显减少。本研究在控制了社会经济特征变量与慢性疾病变量后,通过多重线性回归模型来测量新冠感染率种族差异与绿色空间变量的关联性。最后得出结论:在县级尺度,更高的绿色空间覆盖率会令种族间的新冠感染率差异显著减少,�The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China(CPC)and the State Council released a plan in October 2016 entitled"Outline of the Plan of’Healthy China 2030’."The objective outlined in the plan was to"integrate health into the whole process of urban-rural planning,construction and governance,and promote the harmonious development between cities and human health."As an indispensable part of building a healthy China,the healing environment concept has proven integral to the physiological and psychological health of human beings.The early achievements made in the psychological science and rehabilitation fields have gradually impacted landscape architecture,urban planning and architecture.In modern high-density city settlements,particularly since the COVID-19 outbreak in 2020,the importance of healing environments has been highlighted.In recent years,scholars have expanded on and deepened the research investigating blue-green spaces at different levels,as well as the natural elements of a built environment.They have also attempted to utilize experimental means wherever possible,making remarkable progress in the process.The editorial department of this journal organized an academic conversation on the topic,Healthy Cities and Healing Environments.Six scholars from different backgrounds were invited to take part in a focused,yet diverse,discussion.Based on the relationship between green and health on the urban scale,Li Shuhua explained that cities are places where humans gather and live and,thus,such places continue to develop with the evolution of our species.An ideal city should conform to people’s collective desire for a better life.It should not only meet the needs associated with sustainable ecological development but also provide people with an appropriate living environment in favor of human health.The green healthy city theory provides an ideal perspective toward alleviating current"city diseases"and"citizens’diseases.".The Otemachi Forest in the center of Tokyo represents a practical pioneering c

关 键 词：健康城市 疗愈环境 绿康城市 健康公义 健康效益 康复社区 

分 类 号：TU984.2[建筑科学—城市规划与设计] TU984.116