平面空间划分对建筑自然通风性能影响的研究  

Research on the Influence of Interior Partition Configuration on Architectural Natural Ventilation Performance

作　　者：宋修教 张悦[1] 程晓喜[1] 黄献明 连璐 贺秋时 林奕莹 SONG Xiujiao;ZHANG Yue;CHENG Xiaoxi;HUANG Xianming;LIAN Lu;HE Qiushi;LIN Yiying

机构地区：[1]清华大学建筑学院 [2]清华大学建筑设计研究院有限公司

出　　处：《南方建筑》2022年第3期56-63,共8页South Architecture

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2017YFC0702300):“地域气候适应型绿色公共建筑设计新方法与示范”之课题“绿色公共建筑的气候适应机理研究(2017YFC0702301)”。

摘　　要：针对如何加强建筑平面空间划分设计以改善建筑自然通风性能的定量分析支撑等问题,通过构建进深不同、内墙分隔疏密度连续变化的标准层平面模型矩阵,控制外窗开启扇洞口面积比变化,进行室内风环境模拟,以“标准层新风换气次数”为评价指标,分析模拟结果,发现平面空间划分与建筑自然通风性能的相关性规律,及这一规律在不同外窗开启扇洞口面积比下的差异化表现。结论包括:控制进深较小、外窗开启扇洞口面积比较大,有利通风;内墙分隔疏密度对建筑自然通风性能影响不明显,但室内有无分隔影响明显、且以2.5%的外窗开启扇洞口面积比为临界点呈现差异化表现。Improving interior natural ventilation through architectural design instead of relying on specialised equipment and technology is a current research hotspot.This study used CFD tools to construct a standard floor plan model matrix that focuses on interior partition design,aiming to obtain the correlation between floor partitions and interior ventilation performance.The results are significant for instructing architectural design from the preliminary stage.Based on the induction of plenty of built office and teaching buildings,controlling design factors remain unchanged(i.e.,standard floor area,usage coefficient,column span,height,standard floor height).This research constructed a standard floor plan model matrix with three factors that change continuously and uniformly(building depth,interior partition density and external window open ratio).An interior ventilation simulation was carried out using PKPM-cfd,inputting a 3m/s southeast wind as a fixed initial condition and setting the simulation parameters such as calculation domain,calculation grid and convergence accuracy according to related standards.The standard floor fresh-air exchange frequency was proposed to be the main evaluation index.The velocity contour obtained by the simulation gave the following rules:(1)The inner corridor is highlighted,demonstrating that the wind speed in the inner corridor is higher than in other rooms.(2)The area between the open external windows and the open doors in each room is brighter than the surrounding areas,which means the wind speed here is higher,demonstrating that wind speed in a single room is unevenly distributed.(3)The velocity contour becomes gradually brighter as the external window open ratio increases,demonstrating that the indoor wind speed increases accordingly.(4)The wind speed distribution in rooms with partition walls is uneven,while the wind speed distribution in rooms without a partition is relatively uniform,which demonstrates the decisive impact of partitions on natural ventilation.The standard floor f

关 键 词：自然通风 平面空间划分 外窗开启扇洞口面积比 标准层新风换气次数 CFD模拟 

分 类 号：TU83[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]