汽车塑料尾门专用复合材料和胶粘剂粘接性能的研究  

Research on Performance of Special Composite Material and Adhesive for Automobile Plastic Tailgate

作　　者：杨文叶 朱长春 姜子敬 李文中 李振兴 马秋 Yang Wenye;Zhu Changchun;Jiang Zijing;Li Wenzhong;Li Zhenxing;Ma Qiu(Geely Automobile Research Institute(Ningbo)Co.,Ltd.,Ningbo 315336)

机构地区：[1]吉利汽车研究院(宁波)有限公司,宁波315336

出　　处：《汽车工艺与材料》2022年第3期58-64,共7页Automobile Technology & Material

摘　　要：研究分析了汽车塑料尾门专用复合材料、胶粘剂的基本性能要求,以及材料性能验证的测试项目、试验条件和评价方法。分别选取了5种PP-LGF40、PP+EPDM-T30材料以及3种双组分聚氨酯胶粘剂进行常温、低温、高温和老化工况下的性能测试。研究表明,双组分聚氨酯胶粘剂与基材粘接断裂时均为100%的内聚破坏,剪切强度与基材性能有直接关系。低温环境下由于聚氨酯胶粘剂分子链之间的相互作用增强,胶粘剂与基材粘接的剪切强度显著提升;而高温条件下胶粘剂分子链变软并易发生相对位移,导致其抗剪切能力变差。此外,聚氨酯与基材的粘接剪切强度受热老化影响显著,在湿热和热交变老化前后性能略微损失或提升。This paper has formulated a basic performance requirement for the selection of a special composite material for automotive plastic tailgates, adhesives, and the test items, test conditions and evaluation methods for material verification. 5 materials of PP-LGF40, PP+EPDM-T30 and 3 two-component polyurethane adhesives were selected for performance testing under normal temperature, low temperature, high temperature and old chemical conditions. Studies have shown that when the two-component polyurethane adhesive and the substrate are bonded, they are 100% cohesive failure, and the shearing strength is directly related to the performance of the substrate. Due to the enhanced interaction between the molecular chains of the polyurethane adhesive in the low temperature environment,the shearing strength of the adhesive and the substrate bonding is significantly improved;while the molecular chains of the adhesive become soft and prone to relative displacement under high temperature conditions, resulting in poor shearing resistance. In addition, the adhesive shearing strength of polyurethane and substrate is significantly affected by thermal aging, and the performance is slightly lost or improved before and after damp heat and thermal alternating aging.

关 键 词：塑料尾门 复合材料 双组分聚氨酯胶粘剂 剪切强度 老化性能 

分 类 号：U465.9[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]