“双碳”目标下天然气发展形势的思考  

Thinking on natural-gas industrial development under the“Double Carbon”goal

作　　者：李俊杰 LI Junjie(Planning Department,CNOOC Gas&Power Group,Beijing 100028,China)

机构地区：[1]中海石油气电集团有限责任公司计划部,北京100028

出　　处：《天然气技术与经济》2022年第1期53-59,共7页Natural Gas Technology and Economy

基　　金：中国海油2021年规划研究项目“‘双碳’背景下天然气及发电业务发展策略研究(天然气部分)”(编号:2021-11)。

摘　　要：“碳达峰碳中和”(以下简称“双碳”)目标的提出,对我国天然气的发展提出了新的要求,在能源消费结构向可再生能源转变的过程中,天然气作为清洁低碳的化石能源将发挥重要的过渡作用,同时,对城市燃气、天然气发电、工业燃料和化工原料等天然气利用工程产生重要影响。为了促进我国天然气产业的健康发展、支撑“双碳”目标的实现,在分析国内天然气发展现状及国际资源供需情况的基础上,总结出我国天然气产业在新的形势下面将临着国内资源不足、国际资源获取难度增加、市场形成价格机制不健全、基础设施不完善等几个方面的挑战,并提出有利于我国天然气产业发展的建议。研究结果表明:①重点关注能源供应安全。资源端关键推动国产气增储上产,深化上游的改革,鼓励非常规气田的开发,加强与国际资源国的合作,构建多元进口渠道,在消费端推动终端市场改革,提高天然气综合利用效率;②继续深化天然气市场化改革,加强用户分类管理,发挥政府宏观管控作用,综合利用行政手段保证涉及国计民生的用户需求,发挥好市场的资源配置作用,对市场化程度高的用户需求,让供应商和用户承担主体责任,市场形成价格,构建动态平衡的供需关系;③统筹规划全国天然气基础设施,加快储气能力建设,统一建设、统一运营天然气管网和LNG接收站,规避地区间的局部资源和基础设施的不平衡,提高基础设施利用效率。The proposal of so-called“Double Carbon”(carbon peaking and carbon neutrality)goal arises some new requirement for natural-gas industrial development.As a clean low-carbon fossil energy,natural gas plays an important transitional role,and also affects its utilization engineering,such as city gas,gas power generation,industrial fuel,and chemical raw material.In order to promote the healthy development of China’s natural-gas industry and support the goal realization,domestic development status and international resource supply and demand were summarized.And four challenges in China’s natural-gas industry were presented,including insufficient domestic resource,more difficult international resource acquisition,incomplete market-oriented price mechanism,and incomplete infrastructure.In addition,some suggestions beneficial to the industrial development were made.Results show that(1)focus on energy supply security.At the resource end,it’s crucial to promote the reserve and production increase of domestic gas,deepen the upstream reform,encourage the development of unconventional gasfields,strengthen the cooperation with international resource countries,and construct the diversified import channels.At the consumption end,it’s necessary to promote the reform of terminal market and improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency;(2)continuously deepen the market-oriented natural-gas reform,strengthen the classified user management,give play to the governmental macro-regulation and control,and make comprehensive use of administrative means to ensure the user needs concerning national economy and people’s livelihood,and make full use of market’s resource allocation action.As for the user needs of high marketization degree,both supplier and user shall undertake the main responsibility,the price shall be oriented by the market.The dynamically balanced supply-demand relationship shall be constructed;and(3)plan the national natural-gas infrastructure as a whole,speed up the construction of gas storage capacity,co

关 键 词：“碳达峰碳中和”目标 天然气利用 国际资源 市场化改革 基础设施 

分 类 号：F426.22[经济管理—产业经济]