制造业技术创新策略:技术水平与技术来源选择  

Technological Innovation Strategy in Manufacturing Industry:Technology Level and Choice of Technology Sources

作　　者：乔翠霞[1] 杨晨曦 Qiao Cuixia;Yang Chenxi(School of Economics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China)

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学经济学院,山东济南250358

出　　处：《科技进步与对策》2022年第6期72-81,共10页Science & Technology Progress and Policy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目(18FJY015);山东省社会科学规划项目(21CWTJ01)。

摘　　要：制造业技术创新离不开合理的技术来源选择,而选择技术来源必须考虑行业实际技术水平,这样才能更有针对性地促进技术创新。鉴于此,采用2003—2019年我国制造业细分行业面板数据,按照技术水平进行分组回归,实证检验不同技术来源对不同技术水平行业技术创新的影响。研究表明,自主研发对以专利为代表的技术创新存在显著促进作用,且在高技术行业中的作用更突出;对于以发明专利为代表的实质性创新,自主研发仅在非高技术产业样本中存在创新激励作用,在高技术产业样本中,技术引进则发挥显著促进作用。进一步分析不同技术来源对技术创新经济效益的影响发现,国外技术引进和国内技术购买会抑制技术创新经济效益增长,而技术改造和自主研发会促进技术创新经济效益增长,且其作用效果在低技术行业中更为显著。结论可为我国制造业细分行业针对性选择技术来源、优化技术创新策略提供现实依据。Technological innovation is one of the keys to manufacturing capacity development and it requires reasonable innovation strategy.The key is to choose appropriate technology sources.The technical characteristics of different manufacturing segments vary,and there is not a universal technology innovation strategy suitable for all manufacturing industries.Although theoretically there are multiple sources of technology,in practice homogenization of technology prevails due to the pursuit of innovation quantity or the dependence on innovation path,which is mainly manifested by the abuse of R&D investment and strict external technology control leading to the waste of innovation resources and low-quality innovation.Hence there is great optimization need of the current technology source selection method.This paper focuses on the impact of different technology sources on industry technological innovation from the perspective of technology level,and distinguishes technological innovation indicators such as patents,invention patents and new product sales revenue to provide valuable reference for manufacturing industry.This paper takes the balanced panel data of manufacturing industry segments from 2003 to 2019 to empirically test the heterogeneous effects of different technology sources on technological innovation in industries with different technology levels.As the manufacturing industry segments experienced three changes in 2002,2011 and 2017,in order to ensure the consistency of statistical caliber,this paper merges and adjusts the data of manufacturing industry segments according to the approximation of the industries and the way of changes,so that the adjusted industry technology level does not cause drastic fluctuations,and finally gets 28 manufacturing industry segments with a total of 476 samples.The manufacturing industry segments are classified into high-tech industry group and the rest into medium and low-tech industry group,meanwhile,with reference to the study of Yuanhai Fu et al.(2014),the manufacturing segment

关 键 词：技术创新 技术水平 技术来源选择 制造业 

分 类 号：F403.6[经济管理—产业经济]