电磁屏蔽涂料的研究进展  

Development of electromagnetic shielding coatings

作　　者：王帆 张金才 程芳琴 WANG Fan;ZHANG Jincai;CHENG Fangqin(Institute of Resources and EnvironmentalEngineering, State Environmental ProtectionKey Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Waste Resources, Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River,Shanxi University ,Taiyuan 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]山西大学资源与环境工程研究所,国家环境保护废弃资源高效利用重点实验室,山西黄河实验室,太原030006

出　　处：《功能材料》2022年第1期1033-1040,共8页Journal of Functional Materials

基　　金：2018山西省新材料科技重大专项项目(20181101004)。

摘　　要：电磁屏蔽涂料是应现代社会发展需要产生的一类屏蔽电磁波的材料,其主要作用是减少或避免电磁波带给人们的危害、麻烦和不便。针对日益严重的电磁辐射污染,高性能电磁干扰屏蔽材料已经受到广泛的关注,因为它能阻挡来自通信和电子设备广泛使用的电磁辐射,对人类的健康以及信息的安全提供了有效的屏障。介绍了电磁波屏蔽的重要性,电磁屏蔽原理以及电磁屏蔽涂料的研究现状。综述了碳系、金属系、和复合型电磁屏蔽涂料的特点及发展状况,还比较了对于电磁屏蔽效果的影响较大的几种因素,对于电磁屏蔽涂料未来的发展做出了展望。未来的发展趋势是采用复配型填料发挥协同导电性,在涂膜中形成良好的导电涂层,通过对电磁波的吸收,多次反射来实现屏蔽。而且屏蔽剂之间的交联接合达到了事半功倍的效果,不仅使结构更加稳定,且大大提高了屏蔽电磁波的能力。因此积极研发电磁屏蔽技术,发展电磁屏蔽材料对人们的生活以及国家的安定有着深远的意义。Electromagnetic shielding coating is a kind of shielding material produced to meet the needs of the development of modern society.Its main function is to reduce or avoid the harm,trouble and inconvenience caused by electromagnetic wave.The dependence of people's production and life on modern electronic equipment and instruments makes electromagnetic waves exist all the time and everywhere.Life is full of electromagnetic waves everywhere,the interference between these electromagnetic waves affect the normal operation of the equipment.At present,in view of the increasingly serious electromagnetic radiation pollution,high-performance electromagnetic interference shielding material has been widely concerned,because it can block the electromagnetic radiation from communication and electronic equipment,and provide an effective barrier for human health and information security.This paper introduces the importance of electromagnetic wave shielding,the principle of electromagnetic shielding,the concept of shielding effectiveness and the research status of electromagnetic shielding coatings.The characteristics and development of carbon based,metal based and composite electromagnetic shielding coatings are reviewed.Several factors that have great influence on electromagnetic shielding effect are compared.The future development of electromagnetic shielding coatings is prospected.The future development trend is to use composite fillers to play a synergistic conductivity,form a good conductive coating in the film,and achieve shielding by absorbing and reflecting electromagnetic waves for many times.Moreover,the cross-linking between shielding agents can achieve twice the result with half the effort,which not only makes the structure more stable,but also greatly improves the ability of shielding electromagnetic waves.

关 键 词：电磁屏蔽涂料 电磁辐射污染 屏蔽效能 屏蔽剂 导电填料 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]