溶液喷射纺纳米纤维的工艺研究及应用进展  

The process research and application progress of solution blow spinning nanofibers

作　　者：胡艳丽[1] 何诗琪 李凤艳[1] 张昊[1] 石磊[1] HU Yanli;HE Shiqi;LI Fengyan;ZHANG Hao;SHI Lei(School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjing 300387, China)

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学纺织科学与工程学院,天津300387

出　　处：《功能材料》2022年第1期1048-1054,共7页Journal of Functional Materials

基　　金：国家杰出青年科学基金项目(50725416);国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC0408404,2019YFC0408405);国家自然科学基金项目(51503147);天津市中外联合研究中心项目(19PTZWHZ00030);国家级大学生创新训练计划项目(201610058024)。

摘　　要：纳米纤维凭借其优异的孔隙率和表面体积比成为了研究热点,成功地应用在电容器、过滤分离、伤口敷料、传感器等领域。近年来,人们提出了多种纳米纤维制备方法,如静电纺丝、熔喷法、离心纺丝法和溶液喷射法等。其中溶液喷射法具有成本低、可原位操作、纤维生产速率高等优点。这种制备工艺通过高速气流蒸发聚合物溶液的溶剂来吹塑纳米纤维。综述了溶液喷射纺纳米纤维的制备原理和技术,重点分析了聚合物溶液、喷嘴、气流场等工艺因素对溶液喷射纺纳米纤维的形态影响。分析了目前溶液喷射纺的各种应用,并对其未来发展进行了展望。Nanofibers have become a research hotspot by virtue of its excellent porosity and surface-to-volume ratio,and been successfully applied in the fields of capacitors,filtration and separation,wound dressings,sensors,etc.In recent years,a variety of nanofiber preparation methods have been proposed,such as electrospinning,melt-blown,centrifugal spinning and solution blow spinning,among which the solution blow spinning has the advantages of low cost,in-situ operation and high fiber production rate.This preparation process blows nanofibers by evaporating the solvent of polymer solution through high speed airflow.This paper reviews the preparation principle and technology of solution blow spinning nanofibers,focusing on the morphological effects of polymer solution,nozzle,airflow field and other process factors on solution blow spinning nanofibers,analyzes various applications of current solution jet spinning,and provides an outlook on its future development.

关 键 词：纳米纤维 溶液喷射纺丝 成纤机理 纤维形貌 应用 

分 类 号：TS104.7[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]