低成本二氧化硅源镁热还原制备锂离子电池多孔硅负极材料的研究进展  

Research progress of porous silicon anodes using low-cost silica sources by magnesium thermal reduction for lithium-ion batteries

作　　者：郭致昂 唐博 范保艳 张均 望军[1] 邢安 刘晓燕 GUO Zhiang;TANG Bo;FAN Baoyan;ZHANG Jun;WANG Jun;XING An;LIU Xiaoyan(Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nanocomposites, School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering,Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China)

机构地区：[1]重庆科技学院冶金与材料工程学院,纳微复合材料重庆市重点实验室,重庆401331

出　　处：《功能材料》2022年第1期1055-1063,共9页Journal of Functional Materials

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金项目(2020M683633XB);教育部平台科技资助项目(fykf201910);重庆市自然科学基金面上项目(cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0133,cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0930);重庆市教育委员会科学技术研究项目(KJQN201901527);重庆市教育委员会科学技术研究计划青年项目(KJQN201901522);重庆市留学人员回国创新支持计划项目(cx2020068);重庆市博士后科研项目特别资助项目(2011010006422180);重庆科技学院研究生科技创新计划项目(YKJCX2020218,YKJCX2020237)。

摘　　要：硅材料因其超高的理论比容量、较低的放电电压及锂离子扩散势垒,成为最有发展前景的高容量锂离子电池负极材料之一。然而,硅负极在充放电过程中会引起巨大的体积膨胀,严重影响其电化学性能。设计具有纳米尺寸和多孔结构的硅负极材料是实现高容量硅负极的有效途径。但目前大多数的制备方法通常工艺复杂、成本高、产率低,限制了其商业应用。因此,采用低成本的方法实现优异电化学性能的多孔纳米硅材料的大规模制备成为了关键。综述了低成本的二氧化硅源镁热还原制备锂离子电池纳米多孔硅负极材料的研究进展,并对硅负极材料未来的商业化应用进行了展望,将为低成本制备锂离子电池纳米多孔硅负极材料的研究提供有用的资料。Silicon-based anodes are the most promising alternative through a combination of high specific capacity,low discharge potentials and low lithium ion diffusion barrier.However,their large volume changes between the charged and discharged states are detrimental to cycling stability.The fabrication of the silicon-based anodes with nano-sized and porous structure is a broad strategy to realize the practical application of the high specific capacity.Nevertheless,the current preparation methods are usually complicated in process,high in cost and low in yield,making them difficult to apply directly to the battery industry.Therefore,the large-scale preparation of silicon-based anodes with excellent electrochemical performance in a low cost method is the key point.Based on this,in this paper,the synthesis of nano-porous silicon anodes using the low-cost silica source materials through magnesium thermal reduction is reviewed,and the future development of silicon anodes in the battery industry is prospected.It will provide very useful information for the study of the practical application of silicon anodes in lithium-ion battery.

关 键 词：锂离子电池 廉价二氧化硅源 镁热还原 多孔硅 负极材料 

分 类 号：O6[理学—化学]