藏语日喀则方言单字调的实验研究  

Experimental Research on the Citation Tone of Shigatse Dialect in Tibetan

作　　者：李永宏[1] 张晶[1] LI Yonghong;ZHANG Jing

机构地区：[1]西北民族大学中国民族语言文字信息技术教育部重点实验室,兰州730030

出　　处：《语言学论丛》2021年第2期291-306,共16页Essays on Linguistics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11964034)。

摘　　要：藏语是汉藏语系的代表语言,藏语声调的研究--直以来都是汉藏语言研究的重点。本研究结合传统的声调研究方法和语音声学的实验方法,建立了日喀则城区的口语单音节库,量化分析了日喀则方言单字调的调型、调长、调值,并结合声韵等其他语言要素,认为日喀则的单字调有六个。日喀则声母与声调的联系体现在“清高浊低”,即清声母声调的起点高,浊声母声调的起点低。日喀则声调有长短之分,但与韵母的类型有互补关系。日喀则声调的分化模式既符合现代藏语声调分化发展的趋势,又有自己的特点。本文的研究结果为研究和探讨藏语声调的起源和发展演变提供了基本数据,供汉藏语系声调的研究作为参考。Tibetan language is the representative language of Sino-Tibetan language family,and the study of Tibetan tone has always been the focus of Sino-Tibetan language research.This study combines traditional tonal research methods and experimental methods of phonetic acoustics,quantitatively analyzes the tone-pattern,tone-duration,and tone-value of in Shigatse dialect,combined with other linguistic elements such as initials and finals,and believes that there are six citation tones in Xigaze.The relationship between Shigaze initials and tones is embodied in"the starting point of voiceless initias is high,while the starting point of voiced initias is low".The tone of Shigatse can be divided into long and short,but it is complementary to the type of finals.The differentiation mode of Shigatse tones not only conforms to the development trend of modern Tibetan tones,but also has its own characteristics.The results of this article provide basic data for the study and discussion of the origin and development of Tibetan tones,which can be used as a reference for the study of tones in Sino-Tibetan language family.

关 键 词：藏语 日喀则 声调 单音节 时长 五度值 

分 类 号：H214[语言文字—少数民族语言]