CEA3_(A1)型交流客运电力机车车体疲劳评估  

Fatigue evaluation of CEA3_(A1)AC-drive passenger electric locomotive body

作　　者：郭充 王佥 韩鹏飞 李加瑞 王艺飞 张昭[2] GUO Chong;WANG Qian;HAN Pengfei;LI Jiarui;WANG Yifei;ZHANG Zhao(CRRC Dalian Co.,Ltd.,Dalian,Liaoning 116022,China;State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment,Department of Engineering Mechanics,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian,Liaoning 116024,China)

机构地区：[1]中车大连机车车辆有限公司,辽宁大连116022 [2]大连理工大学工程力学系工业装备结构分析国家重点实验室,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《机车电传动》2022年第1期91-97,共7页Electric Drive for Locomotives

基　　金：辽宁省自然科学基金项目(2019-KF-05-07)。

摘　　要：随着机车运行速度的不断增加,机车朝着重载高速方向发展,相应对车体结构疲劳评估提出新的要求。机车车体疲劳评估是机车设计的重要环节,对机车运行安全至关重要。文章针对CEA3_(A1)出口型交流客运电力机车车体中的不同类型的焊缝,建立了有限元局部分析模型,依据BS EN 12663-1:2010标准建立了8个疲劳载荷工况,根据TB∕T 3548—2019标准选择角焊缝FAT90疲劳曲线进行疲劳评估,并研究了焊趾大小对车体焊缝疲劳强度评估的影响;基于所获得的数据,对原有设计标准进行了计算模型修正,形成了基于焊缝形貌的车体结构焊缝疲劳强度评估方法,并成功应用于CEA3_(A1)型交流客运电力机车车体疲劳评估。计算结果表明,焊趾对应力的影响不仅与焊趾的尺寸相关,而且与焊缝的应力水平相关。其中,在焊透的前提条件下,焊缝会增加连接处的几何连接面积,提高有效承载面积,从而使焊接结构应力降低;在消除应力网格敏感性的前提下,在建模时考虑焊趾作用可以有效降低焊缝处计算得到的应力,这说明不考虑焊趾的整车模型计算偏保守;同时提出了不同焊趾尺寸下焊趾应力的修正系数公式,从而可以在模型计算中考虑焊趾作用,发现在保持相同的疲劳应力下,3×3 mm焊趾模型2块连接板可分别减薄43.3%和32.5%,5×5 mm焊趾模型2块连接板可分别减薄46.7%和35.0%,这说明在考虑焊缝补强作用下,可以实现连接板的优化减重。The locomotive is in development of high speed and heavy load and the designed running speed is continuously increased,which leads to the challenges in the fatigue evaluations of locomotive body.Fatigue evaluation is the key component for locomotive design,which takes the key role for the working safety of the locomotive.The local model of weld in different types was established in finite element model of the exported CEA3_(A1) AC-drive passenger electric locomotive body.BS EN 12663-1:2010 was used to establish the 8 fatigue load cases.TB/T 3548—2019 was used to select the FAT90 fatigue curve for the fatigue evaluations.The effects of the weld toe sizes on the fatigue evaluations of the locomotive body were further investigated.Based on the obtained data,the calculate model of original design standard was revised,the computational model of weld can be improved with consideration of the weld shapes,which was successfully applied to the CEA3_(A1) AC-drive passenger electric locomotive body.Results indicate that the effect of weld toe on stress can be related with the weld toe sizes and the stress levels of the weld.Under the condition of full penetration,the weld can lead to the increase of the geometrical area of the joint causing the increase of the loading area.This is the reason for the decrease of the stresses of the weld.Under the condition of the elimination of the mesh sensitivity,the stress level of the weld can be decreased effectively with consideration of the effect of the weld toe in the establishment of models.This means that the computation is generally conservative without consideration of the weld toe.The modified formula on the effect of weld toe size on the stress was proposed to consider the effect of the weld toe in the computational model.It was found that 3×3 mm weld toe can lead to the thinning effects of the joint plates by 43.3%and 32.5%keeping the same fatigue stresses on the weld,5×5 mm weld toe can lead to the thinning effects of the joint plates by 46.7%and 35.0%.This means that th

关 键 词：电力机车 疲劳评估 焊缝 焊趾 有限元法 

分 类 号：U260.32[机械工程—车辆工程]