中国南方海相页岩气勘探理论:回顾与展望  

Marine shale gas exploration theory in southern China: review and prospects

作　　者：郭旭升[1,2] 赵永强 申宝剑[1,3,4] 魏祥峰[5] 卢龙飞 潘安阳[1,3,4] 李宇平[5] GUO Xusheng;ZHAO Yongqiang;SHEN Baojian;WEI Xiangfeng;LU Longfei;PAN Anyang;LI Yuping(SINOPEC Key Laboratory of Petroleum Accumulation Mechanisms,Wuxi,Jiangsu 214126,China;SINOPEC,Beijing 100020,China;State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment and Effective Development Wuxi,Jiangsu 214126,China;Wuxi Research Institute of Petroleum Geology,SINOPEC,Wuxi,Jiangsu 214126,China;SI NOP EC Exploration Company,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石化油气成藏重点实验室,江苏无锡214126 [2]中国石油化工股份有限公司,北京100020 [3]页岩油气富集机理与有效开发国家重点实验室,江苏无锡214126 [4]中国石化石油勘探开发研究院无锡石油地质研究所,江苏无锡214126 [5]中国石化勘探分公司,四川成都610041

出　　处：《地质学报》2022年第1期172-182,共11页Acta Geologica Sinica

基　　金：“海相深层油气富集机理与关键工程技术基础研究”项目(编号U19B6003);国家重大专项(编号2017ZX05036002)资助成果。

摘　　要：自重庆涪陵焦石坝焦页1井实现我国南方海相页岩气勘探突破后,通过解剖和探索提出了复杂构造区海相页岩气"二元富集"规律的认识。通过"十三五"科技攻关的持续深化研究,进一步阐明了深水陆棚相优质页岩是页岩气"成烃控储"的基础和保存条件是页岩气富集高产的关键的深刻内涵。该套页岩浮游藻类与浮游硅质生物共生、繁盛,硅质生物骨屑的成岩多孔性有利于藻类所生成烃类的原位滞留和后期裂解形成有机孔隙的大量发育与保存,而顶底板封堵条件与后期构造运动强弱是页岩气富集保存的关键要素,揭示了海相页岩气"源储一体,早期滞留,原位富集,晚期改造"的富集保存机理,明确了复杂构造区海相页岩气勘探的目标与方向。深层、常压和陆相页岩气将是四川盆地及周缘页岩气勘探开发的重要接替领域,"十四五"期间四川盆地页岩气勘探将有望得到更大的快速发展。After JY1 well achieved a breakthrough in marine shale gas exploration in South China, the understanding of the law of “binary enrichment” of marine shale gas in complex structural areas is proposed through anatomy and exploration. Through continuous and in-depth research on the key scientific and technological problems in the “13 th five year plan” period, it is further clarified that the high-quality shale of deep-water continental shelf facies is the basis of “hydrocarbon generation and storage control” of shale gas, and the preservation condition is the key profound connotation of shale gas enrichment and high yield. The set of shale planktonic algae and planktonic siliceous organisms coexisted and flourished. The diagenetic porosity of siliceous biological bone debris is conducive to the in-situ retention of hydrocarbons generated by algae and the development and preservation of a large number of organic pores formed by late pyrolysis. The sealing conditions of roof and floor and the strength of later tectonic movement are the key factors for shale gas enrichment and preservation. It reveals the enrichment and preservation mechanism of marine shale gas “integration of source and reservoir, early retention, in-situ enrichment and late transformation”, and defines the target and direction of marine shale gas exploration in complex structural areas. Deep, atmospheric and continental shale gas will be an important replacement field for shale gas exploration and development in and around Sichuan Basin. During the “14 th five year plan” period, shale gas exploration in Sichuan Basin is expected to develop more rapidly.

关 键 词：海相页岩气 五峰组-龙马溪组 深水陆棚相 富集机理 储集机理 保存机理 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学]